Astronomicheskaya nedelya s 4 po 10 marta 2024 goda26.02.2024 11:40 | Aleksandr Kozlovskii
Vopros nedeli. Kakih solnechnyh zatmenii za 100 let proishodit bol'she: polnyh ili kol'ceobraznyh i pochemu?
Otvety mozhno davat' v kommentariyah k dannoi stranichke.
Na dannoi nedele 4 marta budet imet' mesto maksimal'naya zapadnaya libraciya Luny po dolgote 8 gr., a 5 marta Luna (F= 0,35-) proidet tochku maksimal'nogo skloneniya k yugu ot nebesnogo ekvatora. 6 marta budet imet' mesto maksimal'naya severnaya libraciya Luny po shirote 6,8 gr.. 8 marta Luna (F= 0,06-) proidet yuzhnee Marsa, a Merkurii proidet v 0,4 gr. severnee Neptuna. V etot zhe den' Luna (F= 0,04-) proidet yuzhnee Venery. 9 marta Luna (F= 0,01-) proidet yuzhnee Saturna. 10 marta Luna (F= 0,0) dostignet perigeya svoei orbity na rasstoyanii 356895 km ot centra Zemli i proidet yuzhnee Neptuna (pokrytie ne vidno iz-za blizosti k Solncu). Krome etogo, v teleskop mozhno nablyudat' dostatochno yarkie komety: PANSTARRS (C/2021 S3) i P/Pons-Brooks (12P).
Solnce. Maksimal'naya vysota dnevnogo svetila nad gorizontom na shirote Moskvy uvelichivaetsya ot 28 do 31 gradusa, a dolgota dnya na toi zhe shirote - do 11 chasov 25 minut. Vidimyi diametr Solnca umen'shaetsya ot 32,26 do 32,20 minut dugi, a dvizhetsya ono po sozvezdiyu Vodoleya. Dannye o Solnce na tekushee vremya.
Luna. Estestvennyi sputnik Zemli vstupaet v fazu novoluniya 10 marta. Luna v svoem dvizhenii po nebesnoi sfere posetit sozvezdiya Zmeenosca, Strel'ca, Kozeroga, Vodoleya i Ryb, izmenyaya fazu ot 0,46- do 0,01+ i umen'shaya (s 5 marta - uvelichivaya) sklonenie, a takzhe vysotu verhnei kul'minacii. Nachalo nedeli nochnoe svetilo provedet v sozvezdii Zmeenosca. 4 marta Luna (F= 0,4-) pereidet v sozvezdie Strel'ca, gde probudet do 6 marta, kogda pri faze 0,17- pereidet v sozvezdie Kozeroga. 8 marta pri faze 0,06- tonkii mesyac proidet yuzhnee Marsa, a pri faze 0,04- - yuzhnee Venery. V etot zhe den' Luna (F= 0,04-) pereidet v sozvezdie Vodoleya, gde 9 marta pri faze 0,01- proidet yuzhnee Saturna. 10 marta Luna primet fazu novoluniya, a zatem proidet yuzhnee Neptuna (pokrytie na vidno iz-za blizosti k Solncu). V etot zhe den' molodoi mesyac pereidet v sozvezdie Ryb, a 11 marta proidet yuzhnee Merkuriya pri faze 0,01+. Fazy Luny na dannoe vremya i na budushee.
Iz planet Solnechnoi sistemy: Merkurii mozhno nablyudat' na vechernem nebe k koncu nedeli, Venera i Mars nahodyatsya na utrennem nebe, Saturn i Neptun ne vidny, a Yupiter i Uran nablyudayutsya v vechernie chasy. Podrobnye efemeridy i karty dvizheniya bol'shih planet imeyutsya v Astronomicheskih kalendaryah na blizhaishie gody. Efemeridy Solnca, Luny i planet na kazhdyi den' - http://astropixels.com/.
Iz komet hvostataya strannica P/Pons-Brooks (12P) dvizhetsya po sozvezdiyu Andromedy, a kometa PANSTARRS (C/2021 S3) peremeshaetsya k severu po sozvezdiyu Zmei. Blesk etih komet sostavlyaet okolo 7m. Karty putei komet i asteroidov na mesyac imeyutsya v Kalendare nablyudatelya na blizhaishie mesyacy, a na drugie periody - v Astronomicheskih kalendaryah na blizhaishie gody. Podrobnye svedeniya o kometah nedeli i mesyaca (s kartami i prognozami bleska) privodyatsya na http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html , a rezul'taty nablyudenii - na http://195.209.248.207/ .
Sredi asteroidov naibolee yarkoi na dannoi nedele budet Vesta (okolo 8m) v sozvezdii Tel'ca.
Nedel'nyi obzor ot zhurnala "Skai end Teleskop", no nuzhno uchityvat', chto kartinki dayutsya dlya 40 severnoi shiroty, a polozhenie Luny i planet na 7 chasov pozdnee otnositel'no moskovskogo vremeni!
Obzor interesnyh yavlenii ot Andreya Klimkovskogo imeetsya na Astroforume v teme Astronomicheskie nablyudeniya.
Yasnogo neba i uspeshnyh nablyudenii!
Svedeniya ob astronomicheskih yavleniyah proshlogo i tekushego stoletii mozhno naiti v Astronomicheskom kalendare-spravochnike na Astronet http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1388759 .
Merkurii. Planeta imeet pryamoe dvizhenie, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Vodoleya, 7 marta perehodya v sozvezdie Ryb. Merkurii dostupen dlya nablyudenii k koncu nedeli na fone vechernei zari. Uglovoe rasstoyanie bystroi planety ot Solnca uvelichivaetsya k koncu nedeli do 10 gradusov. Blesk Merkuriya umen'shaetsya do -1,3m, vidimyi diametr sostavlyaet bolee 5 sekund dugi, a faza blizka k 1. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Merkuriem i Zemlei umen'shaetsya ot 1,34 do 1,24 a.e.. Polozheniya planety vo vremya vseh maksimal'nyh elongacii 2024 goda imeyutsya v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2024 god. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Messendzher. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' .
Venera. Planeta dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Kozeroga, 9 marta perehodya v sozvezdie Vodoleya. Venera nahoditsya na utrennem nebe bliz Marsa. Elongaciya planety umen'shaetsya do 22 gradusov k zapadu ot Solnca, a vidimyi diametr sostavlyaet okolo 11 uglovyh sekund. Blesk Venery imeet znachenie okolo -4m pri faze okolo 0,9. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Veneroi uvelichivaetsya ot 1,52 do 1,55 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Venera-Ekspress. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' .
Mars. Zagadochnaya planeta imeet pryamoe dvizhenie, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Kozeroga bliz Venery. Mars nahoditsya na utrennem nebe. Blesk planety sostavlyaet +1,2m, a vidimyi diametr - bolee 4 sekund dugi. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Marsom i Zemlei umen'shaetsya ot 2,20 do 2,17 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - MSL Curiosity. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' .
Yupiter. Gazovyi gigant imeet pryamoe dvizhenie, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Ovna. Yupiter mozhno nablyudat' v vechernie chasy. Vidimyi diametr planety sostavlyaet okolo 36 sekund dugi pri bleske -2,1m i rasstoyanii ot Zemli 5,45 - 5,55 a.e.. Bol'shie sputniki Yupitera vidny uzhe v binokl'. V nebol'shoi teleskop (v period vidimosti) mozhno razglyadet' polosy na diske planety (parallel'no ekvatoru) i drugie detali. Pokrytiya sputnikov planetoi, zatmeniya i prohozhdeniya ih pered planetoi naibolee horosho vidny v period protivostoyaniya. Konfiguracii i yavleniya (prohozhdeniya i pokrytiya) v sisteme sputnikov Yupitera imeyutsya v Kalendare nablyudatelya na blizhaishie mesyacy. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Galileo. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' .
Saturn. Okol'covannaya planeta dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Vodoleya. Saturn nahoditsya na utrennem nebe, no ne viden. Blesk planety sostavlyaet +1,0m, a uglovoi diametr - okolo 15,5 sekund dugi. V teleskop vidno kol'co planety. Sputnik Saturna Titan (8m) mozhno uvidet' dazhe v binokl', a drugie otnositel'no yarkie sputniki planety - v teleskop s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 60mm (luchshe vsego v period protivostoyaniya). Rasstoyanie ot Zemli do Saturna umen'shaetsya ot 10,71 do 10,70 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Kassini. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' .
Uran. Planeta (m= +6, d= 3,4 ugl. sek.) imeet pryamoe dvizhenie, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Ovna. Uran viden v vechernie chasy. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Uranom uvelichivaetsya ot 19,99 do 20,10 a.e.. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 80 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Nevooruzhennym glazom planetu mozhno nablyudat' vblizi protivostoyaniya v bezlunnye nochi. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' .
Neptun. Planeta (m= +8, d= 2,3 ugl. sek.) dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Ryb. Neptun nahoditsya na vechernem nebe, no ne viden. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 100 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Neptunom uvelichivaetsya ot 30,87 do 30,89 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' .
Pluton. Karlikovaya planeta ili plutoid (+14,5m) nahoditsya u granicy sozvezdii Strel'ca i Kozeroga na rasstoyanii okolo 35 a.e. ot Zemli. Dlya vizual'nyh nablyudenii Plutona neobhodim teleskop s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 250 mm (v periody nailuchshei vidimosti) i prozrachnoe nebo, a ideal'noe mesto dlya ego nablyudenii - v ekvatorial'noi oblasti Zemli. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Novye Gorizonty
Obzornye stat'i o planetah i malyh telah Solnechnoi sistemy - v zhurnale Nebosvod 12 za 2008 god i 1 - 8 za 2009 god.
Dopolnitel'no http://galspace.spb.ru (vse o planetah) i http://astro.websib.ru ( raznaya astroinformaciya i zhurnal Nebosvod )
Efemeridy nekotoryh asteroidov nedeli na 0 chasov vsemirnogo vremeni (dannye GUIDE 8.0)
Data a(2000.0) d(2000.0) r delta m elon. V PA son. Cerera (1) 6 Mar 2024 18h38m52.37s S23 06' 06.4" 2.813 3.054 9.0 66.6 46.27 92.8 Sgr 11 Mar 2024 18h45m24.84s S23 10' 12.6" 2.817 2.994 9.0 70.1 44.26 92.8 Sgr Pallada (2) 6 Mar 2024 16h38m55.40s N10 17' 15.5" 2.784 2.469 9.4 97.9 42.38 37.9 Her 11 Mar 2024 16h42m12.00s N11 25' 25.1" 2.795 2.425 9.4 101.3 41.20 32.2 Her Yunona (3) 6 Mar 2024 10h52m57.57s N 4 44' 06.5" 2.684 1.693 8.8 176.4 40.02 309.0 Leo 11 Mar 2024 10h48m58.88s N 5 33' 59.6" 2.698 1.712 8.9 170.8 38.50 309.6 Sex Vesta (4) 6 Mar 2024 5h32m55.80s N23 42' 31.3" 2.537 2.197 7.8 98.2 25.97 77.5 Tau 11 Mar 2024 5h36m54.86s N23 53' 58.2" 2.534 2.261 7.9 94.2 29.79 79.7 Tau Evnomiya (15) 6 Mar 2024 23h02m36.52s N 1 09' 07.7" 2.244 3.225 9.9 6.9 78.95 64.8 Psc 11 Mar 2024 23h12m05.68s N 2 16' 48.7" 2.237 3.220 9.8 6.9 79.27 64.6 Psc Thalia (23) 6 Mar 2024 12h03m15.38s N19 37' 25.2" 2.119 1.158 9.5 160.5 34.52 291.4 Com 11 Mar 2024 11h58m42.49s N19 59' 46.7" 2.127 1.161 9.5 161.8 35.39 286.0 Com Herculina (532) 6 Mar 2024 14h08m28.81s N14 12' 16.1" 2.273 1.464 9.2 134.6 24.00 359.4 Boo 11 Mar 2024 14h08m08.83s N15 00' 15.7" 2.274 1.433 9.2 138.4 24.90 346.0 Boo a pryamoe voshozhdenie dlya epohi 2000.0, d - sklonenie dlya epohi 2000.0, r - rasstoyanie ot Solnca (a.e.), delta - rasstoyanie ot Zemli (a.e.), m - zvezdnaya velichina, elon. - elongaciya, V - uglovaya skorost' (sekund v chas), RA - pozicionnyi ugol napravleniya dvizheniya nebesnogo tela, son. - sozvezdie
Izbrannye astronomicheskie yavleniya nedeli
Vremya dlya yavlenii privoditsya vsemirnoe. Na saite Sergeya Gur'yanova mozhno pol'zovat'sya veb-versiei AK na 2024 god s obshim obzorom zvezdnogo neba i yavlenii marta mesyaca. Svedeniya ot drugih yavleniyah imeyutsya v Kalendare nablyudatelya na blizhaishie mesyacy, Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2024 god i Astronomicheskom kalendare - spravochnike .
04 marta, utro - Kometa PANSTARRS (C/2021 S3) sblizhaetsya so zvezdoi eta Zmei do polgradusa.
05 marta, 02 chasa 04 minuty - Luna (F= 0,35-) prohodit tochku maksimal'nogo skloneniya k yugu ot nebesnogo ekvatora.
06 marta, 01 chas 40 minut - Maksimal'naya severnaya libraciya Luny po shirote 6,8 gradusov.
07 marta i vsyu nedelyu, noch' - Kometa P/Pons-Brooks (12P) bliz zvezdy al'fa Andromedy.
08 marta, utro - Luna (F= 0,08-) bliz Marsa i Venery.
09 marta, utro - Luna (F= 0,02-) bliz Venery i Saturna.
10 marta, 09 chasov 00 minut - Novolunie.
Dopolnitel'no o yavleniyah i nablyudeniyah - na Astroforume, Novosti nauki, Meteoveb, Mir astronomii i DvaStrel'ca.
Vid zvezdnogo neba na nuzhnyi den' nedeli i na nuzhnoe vremya dlya vashego punkta nablyudeniya mozhno poluchit' pri pomoshi karty neba na Astronet
Istochniki: Kalendar' Nablyudatelya 03-2024 AstroKA; GUIDE 8.0 (polozhenie asteroidov i komet), http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html (operativnye svedeniya o kometah), http://www.imo.net (meteory), AAVSO (peremennye zvezdy), Astronomicheskii kalendar'-spravochnik ot 1901 do 2100 goda, http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/ (katalog asteroidov i komet, a takzhe operativnaya informaciya o novyh nebesnyh telah), http://asteroidoccultation.com/IndexAll.htm (pokrytiya zvezd asteroidami).
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