Astronomicheskaya nedelya s 25 po 31 marta 2024 goda18.03.2024 10:39 | Aleksandr Kozlovskii
Vopros nedeli. Mercayut li planety, kak zvezdy?
Otvety mozhno davat' v kommentariyah k dannoi stranichke.
Na dannoi nedele 25 marta proizoidet polutenevoe lunnoe zatmenie vidimoe na vostoke nashei strany, a 26 marta Luna (F= 0,99-) okazhetsya v nishodyashem uzle svoei orbity. V etot zhe den' Luna (F= 0,98-) proidet severnee Spiki, a 30 marta pri faze 0,75- proidet severnee Antaresa (pokrytie pri vidimosti v akvatorii Tihogo okeana). 31 marta kometa P/Pons-Brooks (12P) sblizhaetsya so zvezdoi al'fa Ovna do 6 uglovyh minut. Krome etogo, v teleskop mozhno nablyudat' dostatochno yarkie komety: PANSTARRS (C/2021 S3) i P/Pons-Brooks (12P) (dostigaet poroga vidimosti nevooruzhennym glazom).
Solnce. Maksimal'naya vysota dnevnogo svetila nad gorizontom na shirote Moskvy uvelichivaetsya ot 36 do 38 gradusov, a dolgota dnya na toi zhe shirote - do 13 chasov 05 minut. Vidimyi diametr Solnca umen'shaetsya ot 32,08 do 32,02 minut dugi, a dvizhetsya ono po sozvezdiyu Ryb. Dannye o Solnce na tekushee vremya.
Luna. Estestvennyi sputnik Zemli vstupaet v fazu polnoluniya 25 marta. Luna v svoem dvizhenii po nebesnoi sfere posetit sozvezdiya Devy, Vesov, Skorpiona, Zmeenosca i Strel'ca, izmenyaya fazu ot 0,99+ do 0,62-. i umen'shaya sklonenie, a takzhe vysotu verhnei kul'minacii. Nachalo nedeli nochnoe svetilo provedet v sozvezdii Devy. Zdes' 25 marta Luna primet fazu polnoluniya (nablyudayas' vsyu noch'). V eto polnolunie proizoidet polutenevoe lunnoe zatmenie (vidimoe na vostoke nashei strany). 26 marta Luna (F= 0,98-) proidet severnee Spiki, a 28 marta pri faze 0,93- vstupit v sozvezdie Vesov. 29 marta lunnyi oval (F= 0,82-) dostignet sozvezdiya Skorpiona, gde 30 marta pri faze 0,75- pokroet Antares pri vidimosti v akvatorii Tihogo okeana, a 31 marta (F= 0,71-) pereidet v sozvezdie Zmeenosca. V etot zhe den' Luna (F= 0,63-) vstupit v sozvezdie Strel'ca, gde i zakonchit svoi put' po nebu marta pri faze 0,62-. Fazy Luny na dannoe vremya i na budushee.
Iz planet Solnechnoi sistemy: Merkurii mozhno nablyudat' na fone vechernei zari, Venera, Mars i Saturn nahodyatsya na utrennem nebe (luchshaya vidimost' v yuzhnyh shirotah), Neptun ne viden, a Yupiter i Uran nablyudayutsya po vecheram. Podrobnye efemeridy i karty dvizheniya bol'shih planet imeyutsya v Astronomicheskih kalendaryah na blizhaishie gody. Efemeridy Solnca, Luny i planet na kazhdyi den' - http://astropixels.com/.
Iz komet hvostataya strannica P/Pons-Brooks (12P) dvizhetsya po sozvezdiyam Ryb, Treugol'nika i Ovna pri bleske 6m (vidimost' nevooruzhennym glazom), a kometa PANSTARRS (C/2021 S3) peremeshaetsya k severu po sozvezdiyam Orla, Strely i Lisichki pri bleske okolo 9m. Karty putei komet i asteroidov na mesyac imeyutsya v Kalendare nablyudatelya na blizhaishie mesyacy, a na drugie periody - v Astronomicheskih kalendaryah na blizhaishie gody. Podrobnye svedeniya o kometah nedeli i mesyaca (s kartami i prognozami bleska) privodyatsya na http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html , a rezul'taty nablyudenii - na http://195.209.248.207/ .
Sredi asteroidov naibolee yarkoi na dannoi nedele budet Vesta (okolo 8m) v sozvezdii Tel'ca.
Nedel'nyi obzor ot zhurnala "Skai end Teleskop", no nuzhno uchityvat', chto kartinki dayutsya dlya 40 severnoi shiroty, a polozhenie Luny i planet na 7 chasov pozdnee otnositel'no moskovskogo vremeni!
Obzor interesnyh yavlenii ot Andreya Klimkovskogo imeetsya na Astroforume v teme Astronomicheskie nablyudeniya.
Yasnogo neba i uspeshnyh nablyudenii!
Svedeniya ob astronomicheskih yavleniyah proshlogo i tekushego stoletii mozhno naiti v Astronomicheskom kalendare-spravochnike na Astronet http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1388759 .
Merkurii. Planeta imeet pryamoe dvizhenie, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Ryb. Merkurii dostupen dlya nablyudenii na fone vechernei zari. Uglovoe rasstoyanie bystroi planety umen'shaetsya k koncu nedeli ot 19 do 17 gradusov k vostoku ot Solnca. V nachale nedeli Merkurii nahoditsya okolo maksimal'noi vostochnoi elongacii. Blesk Merkuriya umen'shaetsya ot 0m do +1,4m, vidimyi diametr uvelichivaetsya do 9 sekund dugi, a faza umen'shaetsya do 0,17. Idet samyi blagopriyatnyi period vechernei vidimosti Merkuriya v 2024 godu. V teleskop viden serp planety. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Merkuriem i Zemlei umen'shaetsya ot 0,90 do 0,73 a.e.. Polozheniya planety vo vremya vseh maksimal'nyh elongacii 2024 goda imeyutsya v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2024 god. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Messendzher. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' .
Venera. Planeta dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Vodoleya. Venera nahoditsya na utrennem nebe okolo Saturna (luchshaya vidimost' v yuzhnyh shirotah). Elongaciya planety umen'shaetsya do 17 gradusov k zapadu ot Solnca, a vidimyi diametr sostavlyaet okolo 10 uglovyh sekund. Blesk Venery imeet znachenie okolo -4m pri faze okolo 0,95. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Veneroi uvelichivaetsya ot 1,60 do 1,62 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Venera-Ekspress. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' .
Mars. Zagadochnaya planeta imeet pryamoe dvizhenie, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Kozeroga pravee Venery i Saturna. Mars nahoditsya na utrennem nebe (luchshaya vidimost' v yuzhnyh shirotah). Blesk planety sostavlyaet +1,1m, a vidimyi diametr - bolee 4 sekund dugi. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Marsom i Zemlei umen'shaetsya ot 2,12 do 2,09 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - MSL Curiosity. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' .
Yupiter. Gazovyi gigant imeet pryamoe dvizhenie, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Ovna. Yupiter mozhno nablyudat' v vechernee vremya. Vidimyi diametr planety sostavlyaet okolo 34 sekund dugi pri bleske -2m i rasstoyanii ot Zemli 5,71 - 5,78 a.e.. Bol'shie sputniki Yupitera vidny uzhe v binokl'. V nebol'shoi teleskop (v period vidimosti) mozhno razglyadet' polosy na diske planety (parallel'no ekvatoru) i drugie detali. Pokrytiya sputnikov planetoi, zatmeniya i prohozhdeniya ih pered planetoi naibolee horosho vidny v period protivostoyaniya. Konfiguracii i yavleniya (prohozhdeniya i pokrytiya) v sisteme sputnikov Yupitera imeyutsya v Kalendare nablyudatelya na blizhaishie mesyacy. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Galileo. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' .
Saturn. Okol'covannaya planeta dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Vodoleya. Saturn nahoditsya na utrennem nebe bliz Venery. Blesk planety sostavlyaet +1,1m, a uglovoi diametr - okolo 15,5 sekund dugi. V teleskop vidno kol'co planety. Sputnik Saturna Titan (8m) mozhno uvidet' dazhe v binokl', a drugie otnositel'no yarkie sputniki planety - v teleskop s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 60mm (luchshe vsego v period protivostoyaniya). Rasstoyanie ot Zemli do Saturna umen'shaetsya ot 10,63 do 10,58 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Kassini. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' .
Uran. Planeta (m= +6, d= 3,4 ugl. sek.) imeet pryamoe dvizhenie, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Ovna. Uran viden v vechernee vremya. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Uranom uvelichivaetsya ot 20,28 do 20,36 a.e.. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 80 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Nevooruzhennym glazom planeta luchshe vsego nablyudaetsya vblizi protivostoyaniya v bezlunnye nochi. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' .
Neptun. Planeta (m= +8, d= 2,3 ugl. sek.) dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Ryb. Neptun ne viden, t.k. nahoditsya bliz soedineniya s Solncem. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 100 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Neptunom umen'shaetsya ot 30,89 do 30,87 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' .
Pluton. Karlikovaya planeta ili plutoid (+14,5m) nahoditsya v sozvezdii Kozeroga na rasstoyanii okolo 35 a.e. ot Zemli. Dlya vizual'nyh nablyudenii Plutona neobhodim teleskop s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 250 mm (v periody nailuchshei vidimosti) i prozrachnoe nebo, a ideal'noe mesto dlya ego nablyudenii - v ekvatorial'noi oblasti Zemli. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Novye Gorizonty
Obzornye stat'i o planetah i malyh telah Solnechnoi sistemy - v zhurnale Nebosvod 12 za 2008 god i 1 - 8 za 2009 god.
Dopolnitel'no http://galspace.spb.ru (vse o planetah) i http://astro.websib.ru ( raznaya astroinformaciya i zhurnal Nebosvod )
Efemeridy nekotoryh asteroidov nedeli na 0 chasov vsemirnogo vremeni (dannye GUIDE 8.0)
Data a(2000.0) d(2000.0) r delta m elon. V PA son. Cerera (1) 26 Mar 2024 19h03m10.09s S23 22' 12.7" 2.828 2.807 8.9 81.0 37.32 93.6 Sgr 31 Mar 2024 19h08m23.24s S23 26' 49.1" 2.832 2.742 8.8 84.8 34.69 94.4 Sgr Pallada (2) 26 Mar 2024 16h48m37.74s N15 03' 05.5" 2.830 2.309 9.2 111.4 38.48 13.1 Her 31 Mar 2024 16h49m33.91s N16 18' 02.7" 2.842 2.276 9.2 114.7 37.90 6.3 Her Yunona (3) 26 Mar 2024 10h38m55.13s N 7 49' 03.1" 2.737 1.811 9.3 152.8 28.65 313.8 Leo 31 Mar 2024 10h36m28.51s N 8 26' 42.6" 2.750 1.857 9.4 147.1 24.30 316.6 Leo Vesta (4) 26 Mar 2024 5h52m01.03s N24 23' 49.5" 2.526 2.451 8.0 82.7 39.51 84.1 Tau 31 Mar 2024 5h57m57.52s N24 31' 47.1" 2.523 2.513 8.1 79.1 42.22 85.3 Tau Evnomiya (15) 26 Mar 2024 23h40m42.12s N 5 44' 06.3" 2.218 3.191 9.9 10.5 79.91 64.1 Psc 31 Mar 2024 23h50m17.77s N 6 54' 09.6" 2.212 3.178 9.9 12.3 80.06 64.0 Psc Thalia (23) 26 Mar 2024 11h44m48.15s N20 26' 48.7" 2.154 1.205 9.7 155.8 31.41 267.9 Leo 31 Mar 2024 11h40m41.55s N20 20' 59.5" 2.164 1.232 9.8 151.7 28.64 260.1 Leo Herculina (532) 26 Mar 2024 14h02m40.53s N17 16' 49.8" 2.278 1.369 9.0 148.1 29.48 314.1 Boo 31 Mar 2024 13h59m34.06s N17 55' 14.2" 2.280 1.358 8.9 150.2 30.74 305.6 Boo a pryamoe voshozhdenie dlya epohi 2000.0, d - sklonenie dlya epohi 2000.0, r - rasstoyanie ot Solnca (a.e.), delta - rasstoyanie ot Zemli (a.e.), m - zvezdnaya velichina, elon. - elongaciya, V - uglovaya skorost' (sekund v chas), RA - pozicionnyi ugol napravleniya dvizheniya nebesnogo tela, son. - sozvezdie
Izbrannye astronomicheskie yavleniya nedeli
Vremya dlya yavlenii privoditsya vsemirnoe. Na saite Sergeya Gur'yanova mozhno pol'zovat'sya veb-versiei AK na 2024 god s obshim obzorom zvezdnogo neba i yavlenii marta mesyaca. Svedeniya ot drugih yavleniyah imeyutsya v Kalendare nablyudatelya na blizhaishie mesyacy, Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2024 god i Astronomicheskom kalendare - spravochnike .
25 marta, 04 chasa 51 minuta - Nachalo polutenevogo lunnogo zatmeniya pri vidimosti na vostoke strany.
25 marta, 07 chasov 00 minut - Polnolunie.
26 marta, 04 chasa 06 minut - Luna (F= 0,99-) v nishodyashem uzle svoei orbity.
27 marta, noch' - Luna (F= 0,97-) bliz Spiki.
28 marta i vsyu nedelyu, noch' - Kometa P/Pons-Brooks (12P) bliz zvezdy al'fa Ovna.
29 marta i vsyu nedelyu, noch' - Kometa PANSTARRS (C/2021 S3) bliz al'fa Orla.
30 marta, 15 chasov 09 minut - Luna (F= 0,75-) prohodit severnee Antaresa (pokrytie pri vidimosti v akvatorii Tihogo okeana).
31 marta, noch' - Kometa P/Pons-Brooks (12P) sblizhaetsya so zvezdoi al'fa Ovna do 6 uglovyh minut.
Dopolnitel'no o yavleniyah i nablyudeniyah - na Astroforume, Novosti nauki, Meteoveb, Mir astronomii i DvaStrel'ca.
Vid zvezdnogo neba na nuzhnyi den' nedeli i na nuzhnoe vremya dlya vashego punkta nablyudeniya mozhno poluchit' pri pomoshi karty neba na Astronet
Istochniki: Kalendar' Nablyudatelya 03-2024 AstroKA; GUIDE 8.0 (polozhenie asteroidov i komet), http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html (operativnye svedeniya o kometah), http://www.imo.net (meteory), AAVSO (peremennye zvezdy), Astronomicheskii kalendar'-spravochnik ot 1901 do 2100 goda, http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/ (katalog asteroidov i komet, a takzhe operativnaya informaciya o novyh nebesnyh telah), http://asteroidoccultation.com/IndexAll.htm (pokrytiya zvezd asteroidami).
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astronomicheskaya nedelya - lyubitel'skaya astronomiya - nebo - nevooruzhennym glazom
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