Astronomicheskaya nedelya s 8 po 14 iyulya 2024 goda5.07.2024 8:41 | Aleksandr Kozlovskii
Vopros nedeli. Byvayut li na Marse polnye solnechnye zatmeniya?
Otvety mozhno davat' v kommentariyah k dannoi stranichke.
Na dannoi nedele 9 iyulya Luna (F= 0,13+) proidet severnee Regula, a 10 iyulya Yupiter proidet v 5 gradusah severnee Al'debarana. 12 iyulya Luna (F= 0,36+) dostignet apogeya svoei orbity na rasstoyanii 404363 km ot centra Zemli, a pri faze 0,41+ okazhetsya v nishodyashem uzle svoei orbity. 14 iyulya proizoidet pokrytie Lunoi (F= 0,52+) Spiki pri vidimosti v Severnoi Amerike. Krome etogo, imeetsya vozmozhnost' poyavleniya serebristyh oblakov na fone utrennih i vechernih sumerek.
Solnce. Maksimal'naya vysota dnevnogo svetila nad gorizontom na shirote Moskvy sostavlyaet okolo 56 gradusov, a dolgota dnya na toi zhe shirote umen'shitsya do 17 chasov 00 minut. Vidimyi diametr Solnca priderzhivaetsya znacheniya 31,47 minut dugi, a dvizhetsya ono po sozvezdiyu Bliznecov. Dannye o Solnce na tekushee vremya.
Luna. Estestvennyi sputnik Zemli vstupaet v fazu pervoi chetverti 13 iyulya. Luna v svoem dvizhenii po nebesnoi sfere posetit sozvezdiya Raka, L'va i Devy, izmenyaya fazu ot 0,05+ do 0,60+ i umen'shaya sklonenie, a takzhe vysotu verhnei kul'minacii. Nachalo nedeli nochnoe svetilo provedet v sozvezdii Raka. 8 iyulya Luna (F= 0,07+) pereidet v sozvezdie L'va, gde 9 iyulya pri faze 0,13+ proidet severnee Regula. 11 iyulya lunnyi serp pri faze 0,28+ pereidet v sozvezdie Devy, gde 13 iyulya primet fazu pervoi chetverti. 14 iyulya lunnyi poludisk pri faze 0,52+ proidet severnee Spiki (pokrytie pri vidimosti v Severnoi Amerike). Fazy Luny na dannoe vremya i na budushee.
Iz planet Solnechnoi sistemy: Merkurii i Venera vidny na fone vechernei zari, Mars, Yupiter, Uran nablyudayutsya na utrennem nebe, a Saturn i Neptun - na utrennem i nochnom nebe. Podrobnye efemeridy i karty dvizheniya bol'shih planet imeyutsya v Astronomicheskih kalendaryah na blizhaishie gody. Efemeridy Solnca, Luny i planet na kazhdyi den' - http://astropixels.com/.
Iz komet hvostataya strannica P/Olbers (13P) nahoditsya v sozvezdii Rysi, Bol'shoi Medvedicy i Malogo L'va pri bleske okolo 8m. Kometa Tsuchinshan-ATLAS (C/2023 A3) pri bleske okolo 9m dvizhetsya po sozvezdiyu L'va. Karty putei komet i asteroidov na mesyac imeyutsya v Kalendare nablyudatelya na blizhaishie mesyacy, a na drugie periody - v Astronomicheskih kalendaryah na blizhaishie gody. Podrobnye svedeniya o kometah nedeli i mesyaca (s kartami i prognozami bleska) privodyatsya na http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html , a rezul'taty nablyudenii - na http://195.209.248.207/ .
Sredi asteroidov naibolee yarkimi na dannoi nedele budut: Vesta (8,2m) v sozvezdii Raka i Cerera (7,4m) v sozvezdii Strel'ca.
Nedel'nyi obzor ot zhurnala "Skai end Teleskop", no nuzhno uchityvat', chto kartinki dayutsya dlya 40 severnoi shiroty, a polozhenie Luny i planet na 7 chasov pozdnee otnositel'no moskovskogo vremeni!
Obzor interesnyh yavlenii ot Andreya Klimkovskogo imeetsya na Astroforume v teme Astronomicheskie nablyudeniya.
Yasnogo neba i uspeshnyh nablyudenii!
Svedeniya ob astronomicheskih yavleniyah proshlogo i tekushego stoletii mozhno naiti v Astronomicheskom kalendare-spravochnike na Astronet http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1388759 .
Merkurii. Planeta imeet pryamoe dvizhenie, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Raka, v konce nedeli perehodya v sozvezdie L'va. Merkurii nablyudaetsya na fone vechernei zari. Elongaciya planety uvelichivaetsya ot 23 do 26 gradusov k vostoku ot Solnca. Blesk Merkuriya umen'shaetsya ot -0,1m do +0,1m, vidimyi diametr sostavlyaet okolo 7 sekund dugi, a faza umen'shaetsya ot 0,67 do 0,55. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Merkuriem i Zemlei umen'shaetsya ot 1,08 do 0,97 a.e.. Polozheniya planety vo vremya vseh maksimal'nyh elongacii 2024 goda imeyutsya v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2024 god. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Messendzher. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den'.
Venera. Planeta dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Bliznecov, 10 iyulya perehodya v sozvezdie Raka. Venera nahoditsya na vechernem nebe. Elongaciya planety k koncu nedeli uvelichitsya do 11 gradusov. Vidimyi diametr ee sostavlyaet okolo 10 uglovyh sekund. Blesk planety imeet znachenie okolo -4m pri faze okolo 0,98. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Veneroi umen'shaetsya ot 1,70 do 1,69 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Venera-Ekspress. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' .
Mars. Zagadochnaya planeta imeet pryamoe dvizhenie, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Ovna, 11 iyulya perehodya v sozvezdie Tel'ca. Mars nablyudaetsya na utrennem nebe bliz Urana. Blesk planety sostavlyaet +0,9m, a vidimyi diametr - okolo 5,5 sekund dugi. V teleskop mozhno razlichit' nekotorye detali na poverhnosti planety. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Marsom i Zemlei umen'shaetsya ot 1,71 do 1,68 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - MSL Curiosity. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' .
Yupiter. Gazovyi gigant imeet pryamoe dvizhenie, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Tel'ca bliz Al'debarana. Yupiter viden na utrennem nebe. Vidimyi diametr planety sostavlyaet okolo 34 sekund dugi pri bleske -2m i rasstoyanii ot Zemli 5,81 - 5,74 a.e.. Bol'shie sputniki Yupitera vidny uzhe v binokl'. V nebol'shoi teleskop mozhno razglyadet' polosy na diske planety (parallel'no ekvatoru) i drugie detali. Pokrytiya sputnikov planetoi, zatmeniya i prohozhdeniya ih pered planetoi naibolee horosho vidny v period protivostoyaniya. Konfiguracii i yavleniya (prohozhdeniya i pokrytiya) v sisteme sputnikov Yupitera imeyutsya v Kalendare nablyudatelya na blizhaishie mesyacy. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Galileo. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den'.
Saturn. Okol'covannaya planeta dvizhetsya popyatno, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Vodoleya. Saturn viden na nochnom i utrennem nebe. Blesk planety sostavlyaet +0,9m, a uglovoi diametr - okolo 18 sekund dugi. V teleskop vidno tonkoe kol'co planety. Sputnik Saturna Titan (8m) mozhno uvidet' dazhe v binokl', a drugie otnositel'no yarkie sputniki planety - v teleskop s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 60mm (luchshe vsego v period protivostoyaniya). Rasstoyanie ot Zemli do Saturna umen'shaetsya ot 9,18 do 9,08 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Kassini. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' .
Uran. Planeta (m= +6, d= 3,4 ugl. sek.) imeet pryamoe dvizhenie, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Tel'ca. Uran nahoditsya na utrennem nebe bliz Marsa. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Uranom umen'shaetsya ot 20,22 do 20,12 a.e.. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 80 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Nevooruzhennym glazom planeta luchshe vsego nablyudaetsya okolo protivostoyaniya v bezlunnye nochi. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' .
Neptun. Planeta (m= +8, d= 2,3 ugl. sek.) dvizhetsya popyatno, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Ryb. Neptun viden na utrennem nebe. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 100 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Neptunom umen'shaetsya ot 29,60 do 29,48 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den'.
Pluton. Karlikovaya planeta ili plutoid (+14,5m) nahoditsya v sozvezdii Kozeroga na rasstoyanii okolo 35 a.e. ot Zemli. Dlya vizual'nyh nablyudenii Plutona neobhodim teleskop s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 250 mm (v periody nailuchshei vidimosti) i prozrachnoe nebo, a ideal'noe mesto dlya ego nablyudenii - v ekvatorial'noi oblasti Zemli. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Novye Gorizonty
Obzornye stat'i o planetah i malyh telah Solnechnoi sistemy - v zhurnale Nebosvod 12 za 2008 god i 1 - 8 za 2009 god.
Dopolnitel'no http://galspace.spb.ru (vse o planetah) i http://astro.websib.ru ( raznaya astroinformaciya i zhurnal Nebosvod )
Efemeridy nekotoryh asteroidov nedeli na 0 chasov vsemirnogo vremeni (dannye GUIDE 8.0)
Data a(2000.0) d(2000.0) r delta m elon. V PA son. Cerera (1) 11 Jul 2024 18h59m30.70s S29 39' 06.0" 2.903 1.894 7.4 171.0 33.62 253.1 Sgr 16 Jul 2024 18h54m45.35s S29 57' 29.9" 2.906 1.908 7.5 166.3 32.02 254.7 Sgr Pallada (2) 11 Jul 2024 15h54m22.69s N23 40' 57.9" 3.059 2.531 9.6 111.9 23.54 195.1 Ser 16 Jul 2024 15h53m47.57s N22 54' 13.4" 3.069 2.584 9.6 109.0 24.43 185.6 Ser Vesta (4) 11 Jul 2024 8h48m43.89s N20 46' 55.2" 2.445 3.373 8.2 20.3 67.58 103.5 Cnc 16 Jul 2024 8h58m03.03s N20 14' 25.0" 2.441 3.388 8.2 17.8 68.05 104.2 Cnc Irida (7) 11 Jul 2024 21h21m02.05s S 8 23' 32.7" 2.334 1.408 8.9 148.2 22.23 278.1 Aqr 16 Jul 2024 21h17m51.52s S 8 18' 56.8" 2.321 1.367 8.7 153.5 26.86 272.9 Aqr Evnomiya (15) 11 Jul 2024 3h15m40.22s N28 13' 25.2" 2.148 2.555 10.0 55.4 72.49 71.5 Ari 16 Jul 2024 3h26m01.43s N28 57' 49.9" 2.148 2.511 9.9 57.7 71.38 72.2 Ari Psiheya (16) 11 Jul 2024 21h22m05.49s S13 34' 34.9" 2.753 1.824 10.0 150.2 19.90 248.1 Aqr 16 Jul 2024 21h19m24.05s S13 50' 36.8" 2.747 1.789 9.9 155.6 23.69 248.4 Aqr Garmoniya (40) 11 Jul 2024 20h16m41.29s S22 39' 15.8" 2.224 1.221 9.6 167.3 36.34 246.9 Cap 16 Jul 2024 20h11m49.38s S23 07' 35.3" 2.221 1.209 9.5 172.9 38.39 248.5 Cap Isis (42) 11 Jul 2024 18h17m58.44s S28 32' 16.8" 1.983 0.986 9.5 164.2 35.65 244.2 Sgr 16 Jul 2024 18h13m32.26s S29 02' 16.0" 1.976 0.994 9.7 158.6 31.56 243.9 Sgr a pryamoe voshozhdenie dlya epohi 2000.0, d - sklonenie dlya epohi 2000.0, r - rasstoyanie ot Solnca (a.e.), delta - rasstoyanie ot Zemli (a.e.), m - zvezdnaya velichina, elon. - elongaciya, V - uglovaya skorost' (sekund v chas), RA - pozicionnyi ugol napravleniya dvizheniya nebesnogo tela, son. - sozvezdie
Izbrannye astronomicheskie yavleniya nedeli
Vremya dlya yavlenii privoditsya vsemirnoe. Na saite Sergeya Gur'yanova mozhno pol'zovat'sya veb-versiei AK na 2024 god s obshim obzorom zvezdnogo neba i yavlenii iyulya mesyaca. Svedeniya ot drugih yavleniyah imeyutsya v Kalendare nablyudatelya na tekushii mesyac, Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2024 god i Astronomicheskom kalendare - spravochnike .
08 iyulya i vsyu nedelyu - Vozmozhnost' poyavleniya serebristyh oblakov na fone utrennih i vechernih sumerek.
09 iyulya, vecher - Luna (F= 0,15+) bliz Regula.
10 iyulya, utro - Yupiter prohodit v 5 gradusah severnee Al'debarana.
11 iyulya i vsyu nedelyu, utro - Uran bliz Marsa.
12 iyulya, 22 chasa 26 minut - Luna (F= 0,41+) v nishodyashem uzle svoei orbity.
13 iyulya, 22 chasa 49 minut - Luna v faze pervoi chetverti.
14 iyulya, 03 chasa 20 minut - Pokrytie Lunoi (F= 0,52+) Spiki pri vidimosti v Severnoi Amerike.
Dopolnitel'no o yavleniyah i nablyudeniyah - na Astroforume, Novosti nauki, Meteoveb, Mir astronomii i DvaStrel'ca.
Vid zvezdnogo neba na nuzhnyi den' nedeli i na nuzhnoe vremya dlya vashego punkta nablyudeniya mozhno poluchit' pri pomoshi karty neba na Astronet
Istochniki: Kalendar' Nablyudatelya 07-2024 AstroKA; GUIDE 8.0 (polozhenie asteroidov i komet), http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html (operativnye svedeniya o kometah), http://www.imo.net (meteory), AAVSO (peremennye zvezdy), Astronomicheskii kalendar'-spravochnik ot 1901 do 2100 goda, http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/ (katalog asteroidov i komet, a takzhe operativnaya informaciya o novyh nebesnyh telah), http://asteroidoccultation.com/IndexAll.htm (pokrytiya zvezd asteroidami).
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