![Astronomicheskaya nedelya s 22 po 28 iyulya 2024 goda](https://images.astronet.ru/pubd/2024/07/19/0001933598/mercury_elongsml.small.png)
19.07.2024 9:57 | Aleksandr Kozlovskii
Vopros nedeli. Pochemu u Venery i Merkuriya net sputnikov?
Otvety mozhno davat' v kommentariyah k dannoi stranichke.
Na dannoi nedele 22 iyulya Merkurii dostignet maksimal'noi vechernei (vostochnoi) elongacii 27 gradusov. 24 iyulya Luna (F= 0,9-) dostignet perigeya svoei orbity na rasstoyanii 364914 km ot centra Zemli, a pri faze 0,84- proizoidet pokrytie Lunoi Saturna pri vidimosti v Afrike i Yugo-Vostochnoi Azii. 25 iyulya proizoidet pokrytie Lunoi (F= 0,77-) Neptuna pri vidimosti v Avstralii i ostrovah Tihogo okeana. 26 iyulya Luna (F= 0,71-) okazhetsya v voshodyashem uzle svoei orbity, a Merkurii proidet v 2 gradusah k yugu ot Regula. Krome etogo, imeetsya vozmozhnost' poyavleniya serebristyh oblakov na fone utrennih i vechernih sumerek.
Solnce. Maksimal'naya vysota dnevnogo svetila nad gorizontom na shirote Moskvy umen'shaetsya k koncu nedeli do 53 gradusov, a dolgota dnya na toi zhe shirote umen'shitsya do 16 chasov 15 minut. Vidimyi diametr Solnca uvelichivaetsya ot 31,48 do 31,50 minut dugi, a dvizhetsya ono po sozvezdiyu Raka. Dannye o Solnce na tekushee vremya.
Luna. Estestvennyi sputnik Zemli vstupaet v fazu poslednei chetverti 28 iyulya. Luna v svoem dvizhenii po nebesnoi sfere posetit sozvezdiya Kozeroga, Vodoleya, Ryb i Ovna, izmenyaya fazu ot 0,99- do 0,4- i uvelichivaya sklonenie, a takzhe vysotu verhnei kul'minacii. Nachalo nedeli nochnoe svetilo provedet v sozvezdii Kozeroga. Zdes' Luna probudet do 23 iyulya, kogda pereidet v sozvezdie Vodoleya pri faze 0,95-. Zdes' 24 iyulya pri faze 0,84- pokroet Saturn pri vidimosti v Afrike i Yugo-Vostochnoi Azii. 25 iyulya pri faze 0,8- lunnyi oval pereidet v sozvezdie Ryb, gde pri faze 0,77- proidet severnee Neptuna (pokrytie pri vidimosti v Avstralii i ostrovah Tihogo okeana). 26 iyulya Luna pri faze okolo 0,7- zaidet v sozvezdie Kita i vnov' pereidet v sozvezdie Ryb. 27 iyulya Luna (F= 0,55-) vstupit v sozvezdie Ovna i primet zdes' fazu poslednei chetverti 28 iyulya. Fazy Luny na dannoe vremya i na budushee.
Iz planet Solnechnoi sistemy: Merkurii i Veneru mozhno naiti na fone vechernei zari (luchshaya vidimost' v yuzhnyh raionah), Mars, Yupiter, Uran nablyudayutsya na utrennem nebe, a Saturn i Neptun - na utrennem i nochnom nebe. Podrobnye efemeridy i karty dvizheniya bol'shih planet imeyutsya v Astronomicheskih kalendaryah na blizhaishie gody. Efemeridy Solnca, Luny i planet na kazhdyi den' - http://astropixels.com/.
Iz komet hvostataya strannica P/Olbers (13P) nahoditsya v sozvezdiyah Malogo L'va i Bol'shoi Medvedicy pri bleske okolo 8m. Kometa Tsuchinshan-ATLAS (C/2023 A3) pri bleske okolo 8m dvizhetsya po sozvezdiyu L'va. Karty putei komet i asteroidov na mesyac imeyutsya v Kalendare nablyudatelya na blizhaishie mesyacy, a na drugie periody - v Astronomicheskih kalendaryah na blizhaishie gody. Podrobnye svedeniya o kometah nedeli i mesyaca (s kartami i prognozami bleska) privodyatsya na http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html , a rezul'taty nablyudenii - na http://195.209.248.207/ .
Sredi asteroidov naibolee yarkimi na dannoi nedele budut: Vesta (8,1 m) v sozvezdii Raka i Cerera (7,7 m) v sozvezdii Strel'ca.
Nedel'nyi obzor ot zhurnala "Skai end Teleskop", no nuzhno uchityvat', chto kartinki dayutsya dlya 40 severnoi shiroty, a polozhenie Luny i planet na 7 chasov pozdnee otnositel'no moskovskogo vremeni!
Obzor interesnyh yavlenii ot Andreya Klimkovskogo imeetsya na Astroforume v teme Astronomicheskie nablyudeniya.
Yasnogo neba i uspeshnyh nablyudenii!
Svedeniya ob astronomicheskih yavleniyah proshlogo i tekushego stoletii mozhno naiti v Astronomicheskom kalendare-spravochnike na Astronet http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1388759 .
Merkurii. Planeta imeet pryamoe dvizhenie, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu L'va. Merkurii nablyudaetsya na fone vechernei zari (luchshaya vidimost' v yuzhnyh raionah). Elongaciya planety umen'shaetsya ot 27 do 26 gradusov k vostoku ot Solnca pri maksimal'noi elongacii 22 iyulya. Blesk Merkuriya umen'shaetsya ot +0,4m do +0,8m, vidimyi diametr sostavlyaet okolo 9 sekund dugi, a faza umen'shaetsya ot 0,45 do 0,34. V teleskop viden serp planety. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Merkuriem i Zemlei umen'shaetsya ot 0,86 do 0,76 a.e.. Polozheniya planety vo vremya vseh maksimal'nyh elongacii 2024 goda imeyutsya v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2024 god. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Messendzher. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den'.
Venera. Planeta dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Raka, 26 iyulya perehodya v sozvezdie L'va. Venera nahoditsya na vechernem nebe (luchshaya vidimost' v yuzhnyh raionah). Elongaciya planety k koncu nedeli uvelichitsya do 15 gradusov. Vidimyi diametr ee sostavlyaet okolo 10 uglovyh sekund. Blesk planety imeet znachenie okolo -4m pri faze okolo 0,97. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Veneroi umen'shaetsya ot 1,67 do 1,65 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Venera-Ekspress. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' .
Mars. Zagadochnaya planeta imeet pryamoe dvizhenie, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Tel'ca bliz rasseyannogo zvezdnogo skopleniya Pleyady. Mars nablyudaetsya na utrennem nebe. Blesk planety sostavlyaet +0,9m, a vidimyi diametr - okolo 6 sekund dugi. V teleskop mozhno razlichit' nekotorye detali na poverhnosti planety. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Marsom i Zemlei umen'shaetsya ot 1,65 do 1,61 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - MSL Curiosity. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den'.
Yupiter. Gazovyi gigant imeet pryamoe dvizhenie, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Tel'ca bliz Al'debarana. Yupiter viden na utrennem nebe. Vidimyi diametr planety sostavlyaet okolo 35 sekund dugi pri bleske -2m i rasstoyanii ot Zemli 5,67 - 5,59 a.e.. Bol'shie sputniki Yupitera vidny uzhe v binokl'. V nebol'shoi teleskop mozhno razglyadet' polosy na diske planety (parallel'no ekvatoru) i drugie detali. Pokrytiya sputnikov planetoi, zatmeniya i prohozhdeniya ih pered planetoi naibolee horosho vidny v period protivostoyaniya. Konfiguracii i yavleniya (prohozhdeniya i pokrytiya) v sisteme sputnikov Yupitera imeyutsya v Kalendare nablyudatelya na blizhaishie mesyacy. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Galileo. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den'.
Saturn. Okol'covannaya planeta dvizhetsya popyatno, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Vodoleya. Saturn viden na nochnom i utrennem nebe. Blesk planety sostavlyaet +0,8m, a uglovoi diametr - okolo 19 sekund dugi. V teleskop vidno tonkoe kol'co planety. Sputnik Saturna Titan (8m) mozhno uvidet' dazhe v binokl', a drugie otnositel'no yarkie sputniki planety - v teleskop s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 60mm (luchshe vsego v period protivostoyaniya). Rasstoyanie ot Zemli do Saturna umen'shaetsya ot 8,99 do 8,90 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Kassini. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' .
Uran. Planeta (m= +6, d= 3,4 ugl. sek.) imeet pryamoe dvizhenie, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Tel'ca. Uran nahoditsya na utrennem nebe bliz Marsa. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Uranom umen'shaetsya ot 20,02 do 19,91 a.e.. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 80 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Nevooruzhennym glazom planeta luchshe vsego nablyudaetsya okolo protivostoyaniya v bezlunnye nochi. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' .
Neptun. Planeta (m= +8, d= 2,3 ugl. sek.) dvizhetsya popyatno, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Ryb. Neptun viden na utrennem nebe. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 100 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Neptunom umen'shaetsya ot 29,38 do 29,28 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den'.
Pluton. Karlikovaya planeta ili plutoid (+14,5m) nahoditsya v sozvezdii Kozeroga na rasstoyanii okolo 35 a.e. ot Zemli. Dlya vizual'nyh nablyudenii Plutona neobhodim teleskop s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 250 mm (v periody nailuchshei vidimosti) i prozrachnoe nebo, a ideal'noe mesto dlya ego nablyudenii - v ekvatorial'noi oblasti Zemli. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Novye Gorizonty
Obzornye stat'i o planetah i malyh telah Solnechnoi sistemy - v zhurnale Nebosvod 12 za 2008 god i 1 - 8 za 2009 god.
Dopolnitel'no http://galspace.spb.ru (vse o planetah) i http://astro.websib.ru ( raznaya astroinformaciya i zhurnal Nebosvod )
Efemeridy nekotoryh asteroidov nedeli na 0 chasov vsemirnogo vremeni (dannye GUIDE 8.0)
Data a(2000.0) d(2000.0) r delta m elon. V PA son. Cerera (1) 21 Jul 2024 18h50m14.49s S30 13' 15.4" 2.909 1.929 7.6 161.1 29.67 256.2 Sgr 26 Jul 2024 18h46m05.00s S30 26' 20.7" 2.912 1.956 7.7 155.7 26.69 257.6 Sgr Pallada (2) 21 Jul 2024 15h53m44.63s N22 04' 39.0" 3.078 2.640 9.7 106.0 25.59 177.0 Ser 26 Jul 2024 15h54m12.95s N21 12' 52.1" 3.087 2.697 9.7 103.0 26.98 169.4 Ser Vesta (4) 21 Jul 2024 9h07m22.16s N19 40' 06.2" 2.436 3.401 8.2 15.4 68.48 104.9 Cnc 26 Jul 2024 9h16m41.01s N19 04' 02.6" 2.431 3.411 8.1 12.9 68.90 105.6 Cnc Irida (7) 21 Jul 2024 21h14m04.56s S 8 17' 57.3" 2.308 1.331 8.6 158.8 31.10 269.2 Aqr 26 Jul 2024 21h09m46.08s S 8 20' 29.3" 2.295 1.302 8.4 163.9 34.74 266.5 Aqr Evnomiya (15) 21 Jul 2024 3h36m19.66s N29 39' 44.9" 2.148 2.466 9.9 60.1 70.19 73.0 Tau 26 Jul 2024 3h46m33.79s N30 19' 08.7" 2.149 2.420 9.9 62.5 68.90 73.7 Tau Psiheya (16) 21 Jul 2024 21h16m15.39s S14 09' 05.3" 2.740 1.759 9.8 161.2 26.93 248.6 Aqr 26 Jul 2024 21h12m43.88s S14 29' 35.1" 2.734 1.735 9.7 166.9 29.53 248.8 Cap Garmoniya (40) 21 Jul 2024 20h06m41.93s S23 35' 11.2" 2.219 1.204 9.3 176.7 39.15 249.9 Sgr 26 Jul 2024 20h01m29.68s S24 01' 14.6" 2.216 1.204 9.4 173.4 38.61 251.2 Sgr Isis (42) 21 Jul 2024 18h09m43.84s S29 29' 00.9" 1.968 1.008 9.8 153.1 26.45 242.6 Sgr 26 Jul 2024 18h06m42.54s S29 52' 29.9" 1.961 1.026 9.9 147.7 20.65 239.3 Sgr a pryamoe voshozhdenie dlya epohi 2000.0, d - sklonenie dlya epohi 2000.0, r - rasstoyanie ot Solnca (a.e.), delta - rasstoyanie ot Zemli (a.e.), m - zvezdnaya velichina, elon. - elongaciya, V - uglovaya skorost' (sekund v chas), RA - pozicionnyi ugol napravleniya dvizheniya nebesnogo tela, son. - sozvezdie
Izbrannye astronomicheskie yavleniya nedeli
Vremya dlya yavlenii privoditsya vsemirnoe. Na saite Sergeya Gur'yanova mozhno pol'zovat'sya veb-versiei AK na 2024 god s obshim obzorom zvezdnogo neba i yavlenii iyulya mesyaca. Svedeniya ot drugih yavleniyah imeyutsya v Kalendare nablyudatelya na tekushii mesyac, Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2024 god i Astronomicheskom kalendare - spravochnike .
22 iyulya, 06 chasov 34 minuty - Merkurii v maksimal'noi vechernei (vostochnoi) elongacii 27 gradusov.
23 iyulya i vsyu nedelyu - Vozmozhnost' poyavleniya serebristyh oblakov na fone utrennih i vechernih sumerek.
24 iyulya, 05 chasov 43 minuty - Luna (F= 0,9-) v perigee svoei orbity na rasstoyanii 364914 km ot centra Zemli.
25 iyulya, 14 chasov 27 minut - Pokrytie Lunoi (F= 0,77-) Neptuna pri vidimosti v Avstralii i ostrovah Tihogo okeana.
26 iyulya, 05 chasov 32 minuty - Luna (F= 0,71-) v voshodyashem uzle svoei orbity.
27 iyulya i vsyu nedelyu, vecher - Merkurii bliz Venery i Regula.
28 iyulya, 02 chasa 51 minuta - Luna v faze poslednei chetverti.
Dopolnitel'no o yavleniyah i nablyudeniyah - na Astroforume, Novosti nauki, Meteoveb, Mir astronomii i DvaStrel'ca.
Vid zvezdnogo neba na nuzhnyi den' nedeli i na nuzhnoe vremya dlya vashego punkta nablyudeniya mozhno poluchit' pri pomoshi karty neba na Astronet
Istochniki: Kalendar' Nablyudatelya 07-2024 AstroKA; GUIDE 8.0 (polozhenie asteroidov i komet), http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html (operativnye svedeniya o kometah), http://www.imo.net (meteory), AAVSO (peremennye zvezdy), Astronomicheskii kalendar'-spravochnik ot 1901 do 2100 goda, http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/ (katalog asteroidov i komet, a takzhe operativnaya informaciya o novyh nebesnyh telah), http://asteroidoccultation.com/IndexAll.htm (pokrytiya zvezd asteroidami).
Publikacii s klyuchevymi slovami:
astronomicheskaya nedelya - lyubitel'skaya astronomiya - nebo - nevooruzhennym glazom
Publikacii so slovami: astronomicheskaya nedelya - lyubitel'skaya astronomiya - nebo - nevooruzhennym glazom | |
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