Astronomicheskaya nedelya s 5 po 11 avgusta 2024 goda3.08.2024 15:10 | Aleksandr Kozlovskii
Vopros nedeli. Kakie astronomicheskie yavleniya proishodyat v atmosfere Zemli?
Otvety mozhno davat' v kommentariyah k dannoi stranichke.
Na dannoi nedele 5 avgusta Venera proidet v graduse severnee Regula, a Luna (F= 0,02+) budet nablyudat'sya bliz Venery, Regula i Merkuriya. 6 avgusta asteroid Psiheya (16) i asteroid Irida (7) dostignut protivostoyaniya s Solncem, a 8 avgusta Merkurii proidet v 6 gradusah yuzhnee Venery. 9 avgusta Luna (F= 0,18+) okazhetsya v nishodyashem uzle svoei orbity, a pri faze 0,19+ dostignet apogeya svoei orbity na rasstoyanii 405298 km ot centra Zemli. 10 avgusta proizoidet pokrytie Spiki Lunoi (F= 0,3+) pri vidimosti v Yugo-Vostochnoi Azii i akvatorii Tihogo okeana. Krome etogo, imeetsya vozmozhnost' poyavleniya serebristyh oblakov na fone utrennih i vechernih sumerek.
Solnce. Maksimal'naya vysota dnevnogo svetila nad gorizontom na shirote Moskvy umen'shaetsya k koncu nedeli ot 51 do 49 gradusov, a dolgota dnya na toi zhe shirote umen'shitsya do 15 chasov 20 minut. Vidimyi diametr Solnca uvelichivaetsya ot 31,53 do 31,57 minut dugi, a dvizhetsya ono po sozvezdiyu Raka (10 avgusta perehodya v sozvezdie L'va). Dannye o Solnce na tekushee vremya.
Luna. Estestvennyi sputnik Zemli vstupaet v fazu pervoi chetverti 12 avgusta. Luna v svoem dvizhenii po nebesnoi sfere posetit sozvezdiya L'va, Devy i Vesov, izmenyaya fazu ot 0 do 0,44+ i umen'shaya sklonenie, a takzhe vysotu verhnei kul'minacii. Nachalo nedeli nochnoe svetilo provedet v sozvezdii L'va. 6 avgusta molodoi mesyac pri faze 0,03+ budet nahodit'sya bliz Regula, Venery i Merkuriya, a k koncu etogo dnya proidet severnee komety Tsuchinshan-ATLAS (C/2023 A3). 7 avgusta pri faze 0,11+ Luna pereidet v sozvezdie Devy, gde 10 avgusta pri faze 0,3+ pokroet Spiku pri vidimosti v Yugo-Vostochnoi Azii i akvatorii Tihogo okeana. 11 avgusta nochnoe svetilo pri faze 0,41+ pereidet v sozvezdie Vesov, gde 12 avgusta primet fazu pervoi chetverti. Fazy Luny na dannoe vremya i na budushee.
Iz planet Solnechnoi sistemy: Merkurii i Veneru mozhno naiti na fone vechernei zari (luchshaya vidimost' v yuzhnyh raionah), Mars, Yupiter, Uran nablyudayutsya na nochnom i utrennem nebe, a Saturn i Neptun vidny pochti vsyu noch'. Podrobnye efemeridy i karty dvizheniya bol'shih planet imeyutsya v Astronomicheskih kalendaryah na blizhaishie gody. Efemeridy Solnca, Luny i planet na kazhdyi den' - http://astropixels.com/.
Iz komet hvostataya strannica P/Olbers (13P) nahoditsya v sozvezdii Bol'shoi Medvedicy pri bleske okolo 8m. Kometa Tsuchinshan-ATLAS (C/2023 A3) pri bleske okolo 8m dvizhetsya po sozvezdiyu L'va i Sekstanta. Karty putei komet i asteroidov na mesyac imeyutsya v Kalendare nablyudatelya na blizhaishie mesyacy, a na drugie periody - v Astronomicheskih kalendaryah na blizhaishie gody. Podrobnye svedeniya o kometah nedeli i mesyaca (s kartami i prognozami bleska) privodyatsya na http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html , a rezul'taty nablyudenii - na http://195.209.248.207/ .
Sredi asteroidov naibolee yarkimi na dannoi nedele budut: Vesta (8m) v sozvezdii L'va, Cerera (8m) v sozvezdii Strel'ca i Irida (8m) v sozvezdii Vodoleya.
Nedel'nyi obzor ot zhurnala "Skai end Teleskop", no nuzhno uchityvat', chto kartinki dayutsya dlya 40 severnoi shiroty, a polozhenie Luny i planet na 7 chasov pozdnee otnositel'no moskovskogo vremeni!
Obzor interesnyh yavlenii ot Andreya Klimkovskogo imeetsya na Astroforume v teme Astronomicheskie nablyudeniya.
Yasnogo neba i uspeshnyh nablyudenii!
Svedeniya ob astronomicheskih yavleniyah proshlogo i tekushego stoletii mozhno naiti v Astronomicheskom kalendare-spravochnike na Astronet http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1388759 .
Merkurii. Planeta imeet popyatnoe dvizhenie, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu L'va. Merkurii nablyudaetsya na fone vechernei zari bliz Regula i Venery (luchshaya vidimost' v yuzhnyh raionah). Elongaciya planety umen'shaetsya ot 17 do 13 gradusov k vostoku ot Solnca. Blesk Merkuriya umen'shaetsya ot +1,4m do 2,8m, vidimyi diametr sostavlyaet okolo 11 sekund dugi, a faza umen'shaetsya ot 0,21 do 0,08. V teleskop viden serp planety. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Merkuriem i Zemlei umen'shaetsya ot 0,68 do 0,62 a.e.. Polozheniya planety vo vremya vseh maksimal'nyh elongacii 2024 goda imeyutsya v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2024 god. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Messendzher. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den'.
Venera. Planeta dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu L'va (bliz Regula). Venera nahoditsya na vechernem nebe (luchshaya vidimost' v yuzhnyh raionah). Elongaciya planety k koncu nedeli uvelichitsya do 19 gradusov. Vidimyi diametr ee sostavlyaet okolo 10 uglovyh sekund. Blesk planety imeet znachenie okolo -4m pri faze okolo 0,95. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Veneroi umen'shaetsya ot 1,63 do 1,60 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Venera-Ekspress. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' .
Mars. Zagadochnaya planeta imeet pryamoe dvizhenie, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Tel'ca bliz rasseyannogo zvezdnogo skopleniya Giady i Yupitera. Mars nablyudaetsya na nochnom i utrennem nebe. Blesk planety sostavlyaet +0,8m, a vidimyi diametr - okolo 6 sekund dugi. V teleskop mozhno razlichit' nekotorye detali na poverhnosti planety. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Marsom i Zemlei umen'shaetsya ot 1,58 do 1,54 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - MSL Curiosity. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den'.
Yupiter. Gazovyi gigant imeet pryamoe dvizhenie, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Tel'ca bliz Al'debarana i Marsa. Yupiter viden na nochnom i utrennem nebe. Vidimyi diametr planety sostavlyaet okolo 36 sekund dugi pri bleske -2m i rasstoyanii ot Zemli 5,50 - 5,41 a.e.. Bol'shie sputniki Yupitera vidny uzhe v binokl'. V nebol'shoi teleskop mozhno razglyadet' polosy na diske planety (parallel'no ekvatoru) i drugie detali. Pokrytiya sputnikov planetoi, zatmeniya i prohozhdeniya ih pered planetoi naibolee horosho vidny v period protivostoyaniya. Konfiguracii i yavleniya (prohozhdeniya i pokrytiya) v sisteme sputnikov Yupitera imeyutsya v Kalendare nablyudatelya na blizhaishie mesyacy. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Galileo. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den'.
Saturn. Okol'covannaya planeta dvizhetsya popyatno, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Vodoleya. Saturn viden pochti vsyu noch'. Blesk planety sostavlyaet +0,7m, a uglovoi diametr - okolo 19 sekund dugi. V teleskop vidno tonkoe kol'co planety. Sputnik Saturna Titan (8m) mozhno uvidet' dazhe v binokl', a drugie otnositel'no yarkie sputniki planety - v teleskop s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 60mm (luchshe vsego v period protivostoyaniya). Rasstoyanie ot Zemli do Saturna umen'shaetsya ot 8,83 do 8,77 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Kassini. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' .
Uran. Planeta (m= +6, d= 3,4 ugl. sek.) imeet pryamoe dvizhenie, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Tel'ca. Uran nahoditsya na nochnom i utrennem nebe bliz rasseyannogo zvezdnogo skopleniya Pleyady. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Uranom umen'shaetsya ot 19,80 do 19,68 a.e.. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 80 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Nevooruzhennym glazom planeta luchshe vsego nablyudaetsya okolo protivostoyaniya v bezlunnye nochi. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' .
Neptun. Planeta (m= +8, d= 2,3 ugl. sek.) dvizhetsya popyatno, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Ryb. Neptun viden na nochnom nebe. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 100 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Neptunom umen'shaetsya ot 29,19 do 29,11 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den'.
Pluton. Karlikovaya planeta ili plutoid (+14,5m) nahoditsya v sozvezdii Kozeroga na rasstoyanii okolo 35 a.e. ot Zemli. Dlya vizual'nyh nablyudenii Plutona neobhodim teleskop s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 250 mm (v periody nailuchshei vidimosti) i prozrachnoe nebo, a ideal'noe mesto dlya ego nablyudenii - v ekvatorial'noi oblasti Zemli. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Novye Gorizonty
Obzornye stat'i o planetah i malyh telah Solnechnoi sistemy - v zhurnale Nebosvod 12 za 2008 god i 1 - 8 za 2009 god.
Dopolnitel'no http://galspace.spb.ru (vse o planetah) i http://astro.websib.ru ( raznaya astroinformaciya i zhurnal Nebosvod )
Efemeridy nekotoryh asteroidov nedeli na 0 chasov vsemirnogo vremeni (dannye GUIDE 8.0)
Data a(2000.0) d(2000.0) r delta m elon. V PA son. Cerera (1) 6 Aug 2024 18h38m39.77s S30 46' 11.9" 2.918 2.036 8.0 144.0 18.33 260.6 Sgr 11 Aug 2024 18h36m14.81s S30 51' 34.4" 2.921 2.081 8.1 138.8 13.98 262.0 Sgr Pallada (2) 6 Aug 2024 15h57m00.21s N19 13' 45.7" 3.108 2.828 9.9 96.3 30.49 155.5 Ser 11 Aug 2024 15h59m01.35s N18 18' 21.5" 3.117 2.889 9.9 93.3 32.15 150.3 Ser Vesta (4) 6 Aug 2024 9h37m08.67s N17 38' 53.7" 2.421 3.422 8.0 7.8 69.73 106.9 Leo 11 Aug 2024 9h46m25.19s N16 57' 44.8" 2.417 3.423 8.0 5.7 70.04 107.4 Leo Irida (7) 6 Aug 2024 20h59m00.54s S 8 37' 29.1" 2.266 1.257 8.1 171.8 39.33 262.1 Aqr 11 Aug 2024 20h53m52.89s S 8 49' 30.9" 2.253 1.247 8.1 170.3 39.40 260.5 Aqr Evnomiya (15) 6 Aug 2024 4h08m42.63s N31 36' 52.0" 2.151 2.316 9.8 67.9 65.53 75.4 Per 11 Aug 2024 4h18m32.19s N32 08' 07.3" 2.153 2.267 9.8 70.5 63.74 76.1 Per Psiheya (16) 6 Aug 2024 21h04m05.50s S15 19' 17.9" 2.720 1.706 9.3 178.6 32.37 248.9 Cap 11 Aug 2024 21h00m01.37s S15 42' 38.8" 2.714 1.704 9.5 174.3 32.10 248.9 Cap Garmoniya (40) 6 Aug 2024 19h50m41.04s S24 49' 57.8" 2.211 1.228 9.8 160.9 32.85 253.6 Sgr 11 Aug 2024 19h46m28.38s S25 07' 11.4" 2.209 1.248 9.9 155.2 28.41 254.6 Sgr Prokne (194) 6 Aug 2024 23h00m43.03s S 0 20' 11.9" 1.999 1.070 10.2 147.1 34.84 189.5 Psc 11 Aug 2024 22h59m47.01s S 1 33' 17.7" 2.001 1.046 10.1 152.6 40.09 195.2 Psc a pryamoe voshozhdenie dlya epohi 2000.0, d - sklonenie dlya epohi 2000.0, r - rasstoyanie ot Solnca (a.e.), delta - rasstoyanie ot Zemli (a.e.), m - zvezdnaya velichina, elon. - elongaciya, V - uglovaya skorost' (sekund v chas), RA - pozicionnyi ugol napravleniya dvizheniya nebesnogo tela, son. - sozvezdie
Izbrannye astronomicheskie yavleniya nedeli
Vremya dlya yavlenii privoditsya vsemirnoe. Na saite Sergeya Gur'yanova mozhno pol'zovat'sya veb-versiei AK na 2024 god s obshim obzorom zvezdnogo neba i yavlenii avgusta mesyaca. Svedeniya ot drugih yavleniyah imeyutsya v Kalendare nablyudatelya na tekushii mesyac, Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2024 god i Astronomicheskom kalendare - spravochnike .
05 avgusta, utro - Luna (F= 0,02+) bliz Venery, Regula i Merkuriya.
06 avgusta, noch' - asteroidy Psiheya (16) i Irida (7) v protivostoyanii s Solncem.
07 avgusta i vsyu nedelyu - Vozmozhnost' poyavleniya serebristyh oblakov na fone utrennih i vechernih sumerek.
08 avgusta, 02 chasa 00 minut - Merkurii sblizhaetsya s Veneroi do 6 gradusov.
09 avgusta, 01 chas 32 minuty - Luna (F= 0,19+) v apogee svoei orbity na rasstoyanii 405298 km ot centra Zemli.
10 avgusta, 11 chasov 14 minut - Pokrytie Spiki Lunoi (F= 0,3+) pri vidimosti v Yugo-Vostochnoi Azii i akvatorii Tihogo okeana.
11 avgusta i vsyu nedelyu, vecher - Merkurii bliz Venery i Regula.
Dopolnitel'no o yavleniyah i nablyudeniyah - na Astroforume, Novosti nauki, Meteoveb, Mir astronomii i DvaStrel'ca.
Vid zvezdnogo neba na nuzhnyi den' nedeli i na nuzhnoe vremya dlya vashego punkta nablyudeniya mozhno poluchit' pri pomoshi karty neba na Astronet
Istochniki: Kalendar' Nablyudatelya 08-2024 AstroKA; GUIDE 8.0 (polozhenie asteroidov i komet), http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html (operativnye svedeniya o kometah), http://www.imo.net (meteory), AAVSO (peremennye zvezdy), Astronomicheskii kalendar'-spravochnik ot 1901 do 2100 goda, http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/ (katalog asteroidov i komet, a takzhe operativnaya informaciya o novyh nebesnyh telah), http://asteroidoccultation.com/IndexAll.htm (pokrytiya zvezd asteroidami).
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