Astronomicheskaya nedelya so 2 po 8 sentyabrya 2024 goda31.08.2024 15:36 | Aleksandr Kozlovskii
Vopros nedeli. Mozhet li asteroid peremeshat'sya po nebu Zemli takzhe bystro kak i ISZ (sputnik Zemli)?
Otvety mozhno davat' v kommentariyah k dannoi stranichke.
Na dannoi nedele 2 sentyabrya Luna (F= 0,01-) budet nahodit'sya bliz Regula, a 3 sentyabrya asteroid Prokne (194) vstupit v protivostoyanie s Solncem. 5 sentyabrya Merkurii dostignet maksimal'noi utrennei (zapadnoi) elongacii 18 gradusov, a Luna (F= 0,04+) okazhetsya v nishodyashem uzle svoei orbity. V etot zhe den' Luna (F= 0,05+) proidet bliz Venery (pokrytie pri vidimosti v Antarktide), a pri faze 0,06+ dostignet apogeya svoei orbity na rasstoyanii 406215 km ot centra Zemli. 6 sentyabrya Luna (F= 0,12+) proidet bliz Spiki (pokrytie pri vidimosti v Afrike). 8 sentyabrya Saturn vstupit v protivostoyanie s Solncem, a asteroid 4592 Alkissia pokroet zvezdu q Kozeroga (4m) pri vidimosti na Evropeiskoi chasti Rossii. Krome etogo, zakanchivaetsya period poyavleniya serebristyh oblakov na fone utrennih i vechernih sumerek.
Solnce. Maksimal'naya vysota dnevnogo svetila nad gorizontom na shirote Moskvy umen'shaetsya k koncu nedeli ot 42 do 39 gradusov, a dolgota dnya na toi zhe shirote umen'shitsya do 13 chasov 15 minut. Vidimyi diametr Solnca uvelichivaetsya ot 31,70 do 31,76 minut dugi, a dvizhetsya ono po sozvezdiyu L'va. Dannye o Solnce na tekushee vremya.
Luna. Estestvennyi sputnik Zemli vstupaet v fazu novoluniya 3 sentyabrya. Luna v svoem dvizhenii po nebesnoi sfere posetit sozvezdiya L'va, Devy i Vesov, izmenyaya fazu ot 0,01- do 0,28+ i umen'shaya sklonenie, a takzhe vysotu verhnei kul'minacii. Nachalo nedeli nochnoe svetilo provedet v sozvezdii L'va. Zdes' Luna 3 sentyabrya primet fazu novoluniya, a zatem ustremitsya k sozvezdiyu Devy, v kotoroe voidet 4 sentyabrya pri faze 0,01+. Zdes' 5 sentyabrya Luna pri faze 0,05+ proidet bliz Venery (pokrytie pri vidimosti v Antarktide). 6 sentyabrya lunnyi serp (F= 0,12+) proidet bliz Spiki (pokrytie pri vidimosti v Afrike). 8 sentyabrya Luna pereidet v sozvezdie Vesov, uvelichiv fazu do 0,2+. Fazy Luny na dannoe vremya i na budushee.
Iz planet Solnechnoi sistemy: Merkurii viden na fone utrennei zari, Veneru mozhno naiti na fone vechernei zari (luchshaya vidimost' v yuzhnyh raionah), Mars, Yupiter, Uran nablyudayutsya na nochnom i utrennem nebe, a Saturn i Neptun vidny vsyu noch'. Podrobnye efemeridy i karty dvizheniya bol'shih planet imeyutsya v Astronomicheskih kalendaryah na blizhaishie gody. Efemeridy Solnca, Luny i planet na kazhdyi den' - http://astropixels.com/.
Iz komet hvostataya strannica P/Olbers (13P) nahoditsya v sozvezdii Volos Veroniki i Volopasa pri bleske okolo 9m. Kometa Tsuchinshan-ATLAS (C/2023 A3) pri bleske okolo 5m dvizhetsya po sozvezdiyu Sekstanta. Karty putei komet i asteroidov na mesyac imeyutsya v Kalendare nablyudatelya na blizhaishie mesyacy, a na drugie periody - v Astronomicheskih kalendaryah na blizhaishie gody. Podrobnye svedeniya o kometah nedeli i mesyaca (s kartami i prognozami bleska) privodyatsya na http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html , a rezul'taty nablyudenii - na http://195.209.248.207/ .
Sredi asteroidov naibolee yarkoi na dannoi nedele budet Vesta (8m) v sozvezdii L'va (blizko k Solncu). Neskol'ko slabee Cerera (Strelec) i Irida (Kozerog).
Nedel'nyi obzor ot zhurnala "Skai end Teleskop", no nuzhno uchityvat', chto kartinki dayutsya dlya 40 severnoi shiroty, a polozhenie Luny i planet na 7 chasov pozdnee otnositel'no moskovskogo vremeni!
Obzor interesnyh yavlenii ot Andreya Klimkovskogo imeetsya na Astroforume v teme Astronomicheskie nablyudeniya.
Yasnogo neba i uspeshnyh nablyudenii!
Svedeniya ob astronomicheskih yavleniyah proshlogo i tekushego stoletii mozhno naiti v Astronomicheskom kalendare-spravochnike na Astronet http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1388759 .
Merkurii. Planeta imeet pryamoe dvizhenie, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu L'va bliz Regula. Merkurii mozhno naiti na fone utrennei zari. Elongaciya planety sostavlyaet 18 gradusov k zapadu ot Solnca. Blesk Merkuriya uvelichivaetsya ot +0,4m do -0,6m, vidimyi diametr sostavlyaet okolo 7 sekund dugi, a faza uvelichivaetsya ot 0,32 do 0,58. V teleskop viden poludisk planety. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Merkuriem i Zemlei uvelichivaetsya ot 0,84 do 1,01a.e.. Polozheniya planety vo vremya vseh maksimal'nyh elongacii 2024 goda imeyutsya v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2024 god. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Messendzher. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den'.
Venera. Planeta dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Devy. Venera nahoditsya na vechernem nebe (luchshaya vidimost' v yuzhnyh raionah). Elongaciya planety k koncu nedeli uvelichitsya do 26 gradusov. Vidimyi diametr ee sostavlyaet okolo 11 uglovyh sekund. Blesk planety imeet znachenie okolo -4m pri faze okolo 0,9. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Veneroi umen'shaetsya ot 1,54 do 1,48 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Venera-Ekspress. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' .
Mars. Zagadochnaya planeta imeet pryamoe dvizhenie, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Tel'ca (5 sentyabrya perehodya v sozvezdie Bliznecov). Mars nablyudaetsya na nochnom i utrennem nebe. Blesk planety sostavlyaet +0,7m, a vidimyi diametr - okolo 7 sekund dugi. V teleskop mozhno razlichit' nekotorye detali na poverhnosti planety. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Marsom i Zemlei umen'shaetsya ot 1,43 do 1,38 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - MSL Curiosity. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den'.
Yupiter. Gazovyi gigant imeet pryamoe dvizhenie, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Tel'ca. Yupiter viden na nochnom i utrennem nebe. Vidimyi diametr planety sostavlyaet okolo 39 sekund dugi pri bleske -2,3m i rasstoyanii ot Zemli 5,11 - 5,00 a.e.. Bol'shie sputniki Yupitera vidny uzhe v binokl'. V nebol'shoi teleskop mozhno razglyadet' polosy na diske planety (parallel'no ekvatoru) i drugie detali. Pokrytiya sputnikov planetoi, zatmeniya i prohozhdeniya ih pered planetoi naibolee horosho vidny v period protivostoyaniya. Konfiguracii i yavleniya (prohozhdeniya i pokrytiya) v sisteme sputnikov Yupitera imeyutsya v Kalendare nablyudatelya na blizhaishie mesyacy. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Galileo. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den'.
Saturn. Okol'covannaya planeta dvizhetsya popyatno, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Vodoleya. Saturn viden vsyu noch'. Blesk planety sostavlyaet +0,6m, a uglovoi diametr - okolo 19 sekund dugi. V teleskop vidno tonkoe kol'co planety. Sputnik Saturna Titan (8m) mozhno uvidet' dazhe v binokl', a drugie otnositel'no yarkie sputniki planety - v teleskop s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 60mm (luchshe vsego v period protivostoyaniya). Rasstoyanie ot Zemli do Saturna priderzhivaetsya znacheniya 8,66 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Kassini. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' .
Uran. Planeta (m= +6, d= 3,4 ugl. sek.) imeet popyatnoe dvizhenie, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Tel'ca. Uran viden na nochnom i utrennem nebe bliz rasseyannogo zvezdnogo skopleniya Pleyady. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Uranom umen'shaetsya ot 19,32 do 19,21 a.e.. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 80 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Nevooruzhennym glazom planeta luchshe vsego nablyudaetsya okolo protivostoyaniya v bezlunnye nochi. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' .
Neptun. Planeta (m= +8, d= 2,3 ugl. sek.) dvizhetsya popyatno, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Ryb. Neptun viden na nochnom nebe. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 100 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Neptunom umen'shaetsya ot 28,94 do 28,91 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den'.
Pluton. Karlikovaya planeta ili plutoid (+14,5m) nahoditsya v sozvezdii Kozeroga na rasstoyanii okolo 35 a.e. ot Zemli. Dlya vizual'nyh nablyudenii Plutona neobhodim teleskop s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 250 mm (v periody nailuchshei vidimosti) i prozrachnoe nebo, a ideal'noe mesto dlya ego nablyudenii - v ekvatorial'noi oblasti Zemli. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Novye Gorizonty
Obzornye stat'i o planetah i malyh telah Solnechnoi sistemy - v zhurnale Nebosvod 12 za 2008 god i 1 - 8 za 2009 god.
Dopolnitel'no http://galspace.spb.ru (vse o planetah) i http://astro.websib.ru ( raznaya astroinformaciya i zhurnal Nebosvod )
Efemeridy nekotoryh asteroidov nedeli na 0 chasov vsemirnogo vremeni (dannye GUIDE 8.0)
Data a(2000.0) d(2000.0) r delta m elon. V PA son. Cerera (1) 1 Sep 2024 18h33m28.36s S30 55' 34.3" 2.932 2.316 8.5 118.2 4.87 75.7 Sgr 6 Sep 2024 18h34m33.69s S30 53' 10.5" 2.934 2.380 8.5 113.7 9.12 79.1 Sgr Vesta (4) 1 Sep 2024 10h25m07.24s N13 50' 52.6" 2.396 3.395 8.0 6.8 71.06 109.2 Leo 6 Sep 2024 10h34m16.21s N13 03' 33.7" 2.391 3.382 8.0 9.0 71.23 109.6 Leo Irida (7) 1 Sep 2024 20h35m16.32s S 9 53' 48.8" 2.198 1.271 8.5 148.9 26.49 252.9 Cap 6 Sep 2024 20h32m19.07s S10 09' 14.0" 2.185 1.291 8.6 143.4 20.98 249.5 Cap Evnomiya (15) 1 Sep 2024 4h57m14.83s N33 53' 03.2" 2.162 2.056 9.6 82.1 54.37 78.9 Aur 6 Sep 2024 5h05m37.75s N34 12' 15.9" 2.165 2.004 9.6 85.1 51.52 79.4 Aur Massaliya (20) 1 Sep 2024 0h45m25.56s N 5 25' 37.7" 2.444 1.540 10.1 146.2 19.76 247.1 Psc 6 Sep 2024 0h42m46.74s N 5 08' 07.2" 2.436 1.501 9.9 151.7 24.88 246.9 Psc Laetitia (39) 1 Sep 2024 1h28m01.79s N 1 13' 34.9" 2.458 1.619 10.0 137.4 18.13 191.9 Cet 6 Sep 2024 1h27m17.79s N 0 36' 08.7" 2.458 1.581 9.9 142.4 21.47 203.7 Cet Prokne (194) 1 Sep 2024 22h50m38.56s S 7 49' 02.4" 2.013 1.005 9.4 177.6 52.48 204.5 Aqr 6 Sep 2024 22h47m53.11s S 9 23' 58.2" 2.018 1.011 9.5 175.9 51.57 204.6 Aqr Ganimed (1036) 1 Sep 2024 19h43m42.61s N55 09' 17.6" 1.257 0.514 10.1 106.6 41.60 111.3 Cyg 6 Sep 2024 19h54m22.22s N54 31' 29.4" 1.250 0.492 10.0 107.9 57.01 117.6 Cyg a pryamoe voshozhdenie dlya epohi 2000.0, d - sklonenie dlya epohi 2000.0, r - rasstoyanie ot Solnca (a.e.), delta - rasstoyanie ot Zemli (a.e.), m - zvezdnaya velichina, elon. - elongaciya, V - uglovaya skorost' (sekund v chas), RA - pozicionnyi ugol napravleniya dvizheniya nebesnogo tela, son. - sozvezdie
Izbrannye astronomicheskie yavleniya nedeli
Vremya dlya yavlenii privoditsya vsemirnoe. Na saite Sergeya Gur'yanova mozhno pol'zovat'sya veb-versiei AK na 2024 god s obshim obzorom zvezdnogo neba i yavlenii sentyabrya mesyaca. Svedeniya ot drugih yavleniyah imeyutsya v Kalendare nablyudatelya na tekushii mesyac, Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2024 god i Astronomicheskom kalendare - spravochnike .
02 sentyabrya, utro - Luna (F= 0,01-) bliz Regula.
03 sentyabrya, 09 chasov 26 minut - Novolunie.
04 sentyabrya, vecher - Merkurii bliz maksimal'noi utrennei (zapadnoi) elongacii 18 gradusov.
05 sentyabrya, 14 chasov 55 minut - Luna (F= 0,06+) v apogee svoei orbity na rasstoyanii 406215 km ot centra Zemli.
06 sentyabrya, vecher - Luna (F= 0,12+) bliz Spiki (pokrytie pri vidimosti v Afrike).
07 sentyabrya, noch' - Saturn bliz protivostoyaniya s Solncem.
08 sentyabrya, 18 chasov 13 minut - Pokrytie asteroidom 4592 Alkissia zvezdy q Kozeroga (4m) pri vidimosti na Evropeiskoi chasti Rossii.
Dopolnitel'no o yavleniyah i nablyudeniyah - na Astroforume, Novosti nauki, Meteoveb, Mir astronomii i DvaStrel'ca.
Vid zvezdnogo neba na nuzhnyi den' nedeli i na nuzhnoe vremya dlya vashego punkta nablyudeniya mozhno poluchit' pri pomoshi karty neba na Astronet
Istochniki: Kalendar' Nablyudatelya 09-2024 AstroKA; GUIDE 8.0 (polozhenie asteroidov i komet), http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html (operativnye svedeniya o kometah), http://www.imo.net (meteory), AAVSO (peremennye zvezdy), Astronomicheskii kalendar'-spravochnik ot 1901 do 2100 goda, http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/ (katalog asteroidov i komet, a takzhe operativnaya informaciya o novyh nebesnyh telah), http://asteroidoccultation.com/IndexAll.htm (pokrytiya zvezd asteroidami).
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