Astronomicheskaya nedelya s 28 oktyabrya po 3 noyabrya 2024 goda18.10.2024 10:46 | Aleksandr Kozlovskii
Vopros nedeli. U kakoi planety Solnechnoi sistemy den' dlitsya bol'she goda?
Otvety mozhno davat' v kommentariyah k dannoi stranichke.
Na dannoi nedele 28 oktyabrya asteroid Ganimed (1036) vstupaet v protivostoyanie s Solncem. 29 oktyabrya Luna (F= 0,07-) okazhetsya v nishodyashem uzle svoei orbity, a pri faze 0,06- - v apogee svoei orbity na rasstoyanii 406164 km ot centra Zemli. 31 oktyabrya Luna (F= 0,01-) proidet bliz Spiki (pokrytie pri vidimosti na Evropeiskoi chasti Rossii). 2 noyabrya Luna (F= 0,03+) proidet bliz Merkuriya.
Solnce. Maksimal'naya vysota dnevnogo svetila nad gorizontom na shirote Moskvy umen'shaetsya k koncu nedeli ot 21 do 19 gradusov, a dolgota dnya na toi zhe shirote umen'shitsya do 9 chasov 05 minut. Vidimyi diametr Solnca uvelichivaetsya ot 32,19 do 32,24 minut dugi, a dvizhetsya ono po sozvezdiyu Devy, 31 oktyabrya perehodya v sozvezdie Vesov. Dannye o Solnce na tekushee vremya.
Luna. Estestvennyi sputnik Zemli vstupaet v fazu novoluniya 1 noyabrya. Luna v svoem dvizhenii po nebesnoi sfere posetit sozvezdiya L'va, Devy, Vesov i Skorpiona, izmenyaya fazu ot 0,17- do 0,06+ i umen'shaya sklonenie, a takzhe vysotu verhnei kul'minacii. Nachalo nedeli nochnoe svetilo provedet v sozvezdii L'va. 28 oktyabrya Luna (F= 0,13-) vstupit v sozvezdie Devy. Zdes' 31 oktyabrya Luna (F= 0,01-) vtoroi raz za mesyac pokroet Spiku pri vidimosti na Evropeiskoi chasti Rossii i zakonchit svoi put' po oktyabr'skomu nebu pri faze 0,0. 1 noyabrya lunnyi serp pereidet v sozvezdie Vesov, gde v etot den' primet fazu novoluniya i pereidet na vechernee nebo. 2 noyabrya lunnyi serp pri faze 0,03+ pereidet v sozvezdie Skorpiona i proidet bliz Merkuriya i komety Helfenzrieder (D/1766 G1). Fazy Luny na dannoe vremya i na budushee.
Iz planet Solnechnoi sistemy: Merkurii i Veneru mozhno naiti na fone vechernei zari (luchshaya vidimost' v yuzhnyh raionah), Mars, Yupiter, Uran nablyudayutsya na nochnom i utrennem nebe, a Saturn i Neptun vidny vecherom i noch'yu. Podrobnye efemeridy i karty dvizheniya bol'shih planet imeyutsya v Astronomicheskih kalendaryah na blizhaishie gody. Efemeridy Solnca, Luny i planet na kazhdyi den' - http://astropixels.com/.
Iz komet hvostataya strannica Tsuchinshan-ATLAS (C/2023 A3) pri bleske okolo 4m dvizhetsya po sozvezdiyu Zmeenosca. Karty putei komet i asteroidov na mesyac imeyutsya v Kalendare nablyudatelya na blizhaishie mesyacy, a na drugie periody - v Astronomicheskih kalendaryah na blizhaishie gody. Podrobnye svedeniya o kometah nedeli i mesyaca (s kartami i prognozami bleska) privodyatsya na http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html , a rezul'taty nablyudenii - na http://195.209.248.207/ .
Sredi asteroidov naibolee yarkoi na dannoi nedele budet Vesta (8m) v sozvezdii Devy.
Nedel'nyi obzor ot zhurnala "Skai end Teleskop", no nuzhno uchityvat', chto kartinki dayutsya dlya 40 severnoi shiroty, a polozhenie Luny i planet na 7 chasov pozdnee otnositel'no moskovskogo vremeni!
Obzor interesnyh yavlenii ot Andreya Klimkovskogo imeetsya na Astroforume v teme Astronomicheskie nablyudeniya.
Yasnogo neba i uspeshnyh nablyudenii!
Svedeniya ob astronomicheskih yavleniyah proshlogo i tekushego stoletii mozhno naiti v Astronomicheskom kalendare-spravochnike na Astronet http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1388759 .
Merkurii. Planeta imeet pryamoe dvizhenie, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Vesov, 2 noyabrya perehodya v sozvezdie Skorpiona. Merkurii viden na fone vernei zari (luchshe vsego v yuzhnyh shirotah). Elongaciya planety uvelichivaetsya k koncu nedeli do 20 gradusov k vostoku ot Solnca. Blesk Merkuriya umen'shaetsya ot -0,3m do -0,2m, vidimyi diametr imeet znachenie okolo 5 sekund dugi, a faza sostavlyaet okolo 0,85. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Merkuriem i Zemlei umen'shaetsya ot 1,32 do 1,23 a.e.. Polozheniya planety vo vremya vseh maksimal'nyh elongacii 2024 goda imeyutsya v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2024 god. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Messendzher. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den'.
Venera. Planeta dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Zmeenosca. Venera nahoditsya na vechernem nebe (luchshaya vidimost' v yuzhnyh raionah). Elongaciya planety k koncu nedeli uvelichitsya do 39 gradusov. Vidimyi diametr ee sostavlyaet bolee 14 uglovyh sekund. Blesk planety imeet znachenie okolo -4m pri faze okolo 0,8. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Veneroi umen'shaetsya ot 1,20 do 1,16 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Venera-Ekspress. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' .
Mars. Zagadochnaya planeta imeet pryamoe dvizhenie, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Bliznecov, 29 oktyabrya perehodya v sozvezdie Raka. Mars nablyudaetsya na nochnom i utrennem nebe v vide yarkoi oranzhevoi zvezdy. Blesk planety sostavlyaet 0m, a vidimyi diametr - okolo 9 sekund dugi. V teleskop mozhno razlichit' nekotorye detali na poverhnosti planety. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Marsom i Zemlei umen'shaetsya ot 1,05 do 1,00 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - MSL Curiosity. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den'.
Yupiter. Gazovyi gigant imeet popyatnoe dvizhenie, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Tel'ca. Yupiter viden na nochnom i utrennem nebe. Vidimyi diametr planety sostavlyaet bolee 46 sekund dugi pri bleske -2,7m i rasstoyanii ot Zemli 4,32 - 4,25 a.e.. Bol'shie sputniki Yupitera vidny uzhe v binokl'. V nebol'shoi teleskop mozhno razglyadet' polosy na diske planety (parallel'no ekvatoru) i drugie detali. Pokrytiya sputnikov planetoi, zatmeniya i prohozhdeniya ih pered planetoi naibolee horosho vidny v period protivostoyaniya. Konfiguracii i yavleniya (prohozhdeniya i pokrytiya) v sisteme sputnikov Yupitera imeyutsya v Kalendare nablyudatelya na blizhaishie mesyacy. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Galileo. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den'.
Saturn. Okol'covannaya planeta dvizhetsya popyatno, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Vodoleya. Saturn viden vsyu noch'. Blesk planety sostavlyaet +0,8m, a uglovoi diametr - okolo 18 sekund dugi. V teleskop vidno tonkoe kol'co planety. Sputnik Saturna Titan (8m) mozhno uvidet' dazhe v binokl', a drugie otnositel'no yarkie sputniki planety - v teleskop s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 60mm (luchshe vsego v period protivostoyaniya). Rasstoyanie ot Zemli do Saturna uvelichivaetsya ot 9,01 do 9,10 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Kassini. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' .
Uran. Planeta (m= +6, d= 3,4 ugl. sek.) imeet popyatnoe dvizhenie, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Tel'ca. Uran viden na nochnom i utrennem nebe bliz rasseyannogo zvezdnogo skopleniya Pleyady. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Uranom umen'shaetsya ot 18,63 do 18,60 a.e.. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 80 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Nevooruzhennym glazom planeta luchshe vsego nablyudaetsya okolo protivostoyaniya v bezlunnye nochi. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' .
Neptun. Planeta (m= +8, d= 2,3 ugl. sek.) dvizhetsya popyatno, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Ryb. Neptun viden na nochnom nebe. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 100 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Neptunom uvelichivaetsya ot 29,10 do 29,18 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den'.
Pluton. Karlikovaya planeta ili plutoid (+14,5m) nahoditsya v sozvezdii Kozeroga na rasstoyanii okolo 35 a.e. ot Zemli. Dlya vizual'nyh nablyudenii Plutona neobhodim teleskop s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 250 mm (v periody nailuchshei vidimosti) i prozrachnoe nebo, a ideal'noe mesto dlya ego nablyudenii - v ekvatorial'noi oblasti Zemli. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Novye Gorizonty
Obzornye stat'i o planetah i malyh telah Solnechnoi sistemy - v zhurnale Nebosvod 12 za 2008 god i 1 - 8 za 2009 god.
Dopolnitel'no http://galspace.spb.ru (vse o planetah) i http://astro.websib.ru ( raznaya astroinformaciya i zhurnal Nebosvod )
Efemeridy nekotoryh asteroidov nedeli na 0 chasov vsemirnogo vremeni (dannye GUIDE 8.0)
Data a(2000.0) d(2000.0) r delta m elon. V PA son. Cerera (1) 26 Oct 2024 19h14m41.70s S29 37' 29.2" 2.956 3.077 9.1 73.7 40.06 80.7 Sgr 31 Oct 2024 19h20m52.51s S29 24' 15.8" 2.958 3.145 9.2 70.1 42.09 80.3 Sgr Vesta (4) 26 Oct 2024 12h04m07.63s N 4 43' 57.6" 2.341 3.099 8.1 34.0 70.85 110.6 Vir 31 Oct 2024 12h12m56.26s N 3 54' 11.1" 2.336 3.057 8.1 36.6 70.56 110.5 Vir Irida (7) 26 Oct 2024 20h48m00.58s S10 50' 31.5" 2.059 1.660 9.4 98.7 39.35 82.5 Aqr 31 Oct 2024 20h53m35.85s S10 38' 56.9" 2.047 1.705 9.5 95.1 43.89 81.2 Aqr Evnomiya (15) 26 Oct 2024 5h56m48.28s N35 55' 05.7" 2.210 1.511 8.9 122.5 6.01 71.5 Aur 31 Oct 2024 5h57m19.91s N35 57' 14.3" 2.216 1.470 8.8 127.2 1.09 326.4 Aur Fortuna (16) 26 Oct 2024 1h22m13.70s N 8 52' 04.5" 2.059 1.074 9.3 169.6 34.37 243.9 Psc 31 Oct 2024 1h18m24.17s N 8 23' 02.5" 2.058 1.087 9.5 163.5 31.11 243.3 Psc Massaliya (20) 26 Oct 2024 0h02m41.55s N 0 33' 31.0" 2.357 1.453 9.8 148.1 24.17 244.9 Psc 31 Oct 2024 0h00m11.22s N 0 15' 08.5" 2.348 1.482 9.9 142.4 18.66 244.4 Psc Laetitia (39) 26 Oct 2024 0h57m31.03s S 6 16' 29.9" 2.465 1.526 9.6 155.4 26.87 241.4 Cet 31 Oct 2024 0h54m39.62s S 6 39' 20.5" 2.466 1.555 9.7 150.1 22.54 244.2 Cet Ganimed (1036) 26 Oct 2024 23h12m35.56s N17 41' 11.8" 1.322 0.400 9.1 138.8 212.01 140.2 Peg 31 Oct 2024 23h31m07.15s N12 31' 54.8" 1.341 0.425 9.3 138.6 194.92 138.7 Peg a pryamoe voshozhdenie dlya epohi 2000.0, d - sklonenie dlya epohi 2000.0, r - rasstoyanie ot Solnca (a.e.), delta - rasstoyanie ot Zemli (a.e.), m - zvezdnaya velichina, elon. - elongaciya, V - uglovaya skorost' (sekund v chas), RA - pozicionnyi ugol napravleniya dvizheniya nebesnogo tela, son. - sozvezdie
Izbrannye astronomicheskie yavleniya nedeli
Vremya dlya yavlenii privoditsya vsemirnoe. Na saite Sergeya Gur'yanova mozhno pol'zovat'sya veb-versiei AK na 2024 god s obshim obzorom zvezdnogo neba i yavlenii oktyabrya i noyabrya mesyaca. Svedeniya ot drugih yavleniyah imeyutsya v Kalendare nablyudatelya na tekushii mesyac, Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2024 god i Astronomicheskom kalendare - spravochnike .
28 oktyabrya, noch' - Asteroid Ganimed (1036) v protivostoyanii s Solncem.
29 oktyabrya, 22 chasa 50 minut - Luna (F= 0,06-) v apogee svoei orbity na rasstoyanii 406164 km ot centra Zemli.
30 oktyabrya i vsyu nedelyu, noch' - Uran bliz rasseyannogo zvezdnogo skopleniya Pleyady (M45).
31 oktyabrya, utro - Luna (F= 0,01-) bliz Spiki (pokrytie pri vidimosti na Evropeiskoi chasti Rossii).
01 noyabrya, 12 chasov 47 minut - Novolunie.
02 noyabrya, vecher - Luna (F= 0,03+) bliz Merkuriya.
03 noyabrya, vecher - Luna (F= 0,05+) bliz Antaresa.
Dopolnitel'no o yavleniyah i nablyudeniyah - na Astroforume, Novosti nauki, Meteoveb, Mir astronomii i DvaStrel'ca.
Vid zvezdnogo neba na nuzhnyi den' nedeli i na nuzhnoe vremya dlya vashego punkta nablyudeniya mozhno poluchit' pri pomoshi karty neba na Astronet
Istochniki: Kalendar' Nablyudatelya 10-2024 i 11-2024 AstroKA; GUIDE 8.0 (polozhenie asteroidov i komet), http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html (operativnye svedeniya o kometah), http://www.imo.net (meteory), AAVSO (peremennye zvezdy), Astronomicheskii kalendar'-spravochnik ot 1901 do 2100 goda, http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/ (katalog asteroidov i komet, a takzhe operativnaya informaciya o novyh nebesnyh telah), http://asteroidoccultation.com/IndexAll.htm (pokrytiya zvezd asteroidami).
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