Astronomicheskaya nedelya s 25 noyabrya po 1 dekabrya 2024 goda4.11.2024 9:44 | Aleksandr Kozlovskii
Vopros nedeli. Mozhno li uvidet' meteor v srednih shirotah, esli on nablyudaetsya na ekvatore v zenite?
Otvety mozhno davat' v kommentariyah k dannoi stranichke.
Na dannoi nedele 25 noyabrya Luna (F= 0,24-) okazhetsya v nishodyashem uzle svoei orbity. 26 noyabrya Merkurii dostignet stoyaniya s perehodom ot pryamogo k popyatnomu dvizheniyu, a Luna (F= 0,20-) dostignet apogeya svoei orbity na rasstoyanii 405315 km ot centra Zemli. 27 noyabrya Luna (F= 0,13-) proidet bliz Spiki (pokrytie pri vidimosti v Severnoi Amerike). 1 dekabrya proizoidet pokrytie Lunoi (F= 0,0+) Antaresa (ne vidno iz-za blizosti k Solncu).
Solnce. Maksimal'naya vysota dnevnogo svetila nad gorizontom na shirote Moskvy umen'shaetsya k koncu nedeli ot 13 do 12 gradusov, a dolgota dnya na toi zhe shirote umen'shitsya do 7 chasov 25 minut. Vidimyi diametr Solnca uvelichivaetsya ot 32,40 do 32,44 minut dugi, a dvizhetsya ono po sozvezdiyu Skorpiona, 29 noyabrya perehodya v sozvezdie Zmeenosca. Dannye o Solnce na tekushee vremya.
Luna. Estestvennyi sputnik Zemli vstupaet v fazu novoluniya 1 dekabrya. Luna v svoem dvizhenii po nebesnoi sfere posetit sozvezdiya Devy, Vesov, Skorpiona i Zmeenosca, i izmenyaya fazu ot 0,31- do 0,01+ i umen'shaya sklonenie, a takzhe vysotu verhnei kul'minacii. Nachalo nedeli nochnoe svetilo provedet v sozvezdii Devy. 26 noyabrya Luna pokroet kometu P/Biela (3D-A) pri faze 0,23-, a 27 noyabrya (F= 0,13-) pokroet Spiku pri vidimosti v Severnoi Amerike. 28 noyabrya Luna pereidet v sozvezdie Vesov, umen'shiv fazu do 0,06-, a 30 noyabrya dostignet sozvezdiya Skorpiona pri faze 0,01-.V etom sozvezdii Luna zakonchit svoi put' po noyabr'skomu nebu pri faze 0,0 i bliz Antaresa. 1 dekabrya Luna (F= 0,0+) pokroet Antares (ne vidno iz-za blizosti k Solncu). V etot zhe den' pri faze 0,01+ lunnyi serp pereidet v sozvezdie Zmeenosca. Fazy Luny na dannoe vremya i na budushee.
Iz planet Solnechnoi sistemy: Merkurii i Veneru mozhno naiti na fone vechernei zari (luchshaya vidimost' v yuzhnyh raionah), Mars i Yupiter nablyudayutsya na nochnom nebe, a Saturn, Uran i Neptun vidny vecherom i noch'yu. Podrobnye efemeridy i karty dvizheniya bol'shih planet imeyutsya v Astronomicheskih kalendaryah na blizhaishie gody. Efemeridy Solnca, Luny i planet na kazhdyi den' - http://astropixels.com/.
Iz komet hvostataya strannica Tsuchinshan-ATLAS (C/2023 A3) pri bleske okolo 8m dvizhetsya po sozvezdiyu Orla. Karty putei komet i asteroidov na mesyac imeyutsya v Kalendare nablyudatelya na blizhaishie mesyacy, a na drugie periody - v Astronomicheskih kalendaryah na blizhaishie gody. Podrobnye svedeniya o kometah nedeli i mesyaca (s kartami i prognozami bleska) privodyatsya na http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html , a rezul'taty nablyudenii - na http://195.209.248.207/ .
Sredi asteroidov naibolee yarkoi na dannoi nedele budet Vesta (8m) v sozvezdii Devy.
Nedel'nyi obzor ot zhurnala "Skai end Teleskop", no nuzhno uchityvat', chto kartinki dayutsya dlya 40 severnoi shiroty, a polozhenie Luny i planet na 7 chasov pozdnee otnositel'no moskovskogo vremeni!
Obzor interesnyh yavlenii ot Andreya Klimkovskogo imeetsya na Astroforume v teme Astronomicheskie nablyudeniya.
Yasnogo neba i uspeshnyh nablyudenii!
Svedeniya ob astronomicheskih yavleniyah proshlogo i tekushego stoletii mozhno naiti v Astronomicheskom kalendare-spravochnike na Astronet http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1388759
Merkurii. Planeta imeet pryamoe dvizhenie (26 noyabrya perehodya k popyatnomu dvizheniyu), peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Zmeenosca. Merkurii viden na fone vechernei zari (luchshe vsego v yuzhnyh shirotah). Elongaciya planety umen'shaetsya za nedelyu do 9 gradusov k vostoku ot Solnca. Blesk Merkuriya umen'shaetsya ot -0,2m do +2,5m, vidimyi diametr uvelichivaetsya do 9 sekund dugi, a faza umen'shaetsya do 0,07. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Merkuriem i Zemlei umen'shaetsya ot 0,83 do 0,70 a.e.. Polozheniya planety vo vremya vseh maksimal'nyh elongacii 2024 goda imeyutsya v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2024 god. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Messendzher. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den'.
Venera. Planeta dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Strel'ca. Venera nahoditsya na vechernem nebe. Elongaciya planety k koncu nedeli uvelichitsya do 44 gradusov. Vidimyi diametr ee sostavlyaet okolo 17 uglovyh sekund. Blesk planety imeet znachenie okolo -4m pri faze okolo 0,7. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Veneroi umen'shaetsya ot 1,02 do 0,97 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Venera-Ekspress. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' .
Mars. Zagadochnaya planeta imeet pryamoe dvizhenie, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Raka bliz rasseyannogo zvezdnogo skopleniya Yasli (M44). Mars nablyudaetsya na nochnom nebe v vide yarkoi oranzhevoi zvezdy. Blesk planety sostavlyaet -0,5m, a vidimyi diametr - bolee 11 sekund dugi. V teleskop mozhno nablyudat' detali na poverhnosti planety. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Marsom i Zemlei umen'shaetsya ot 0,85 do 0,80 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - MSL Curiosity. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den'.
Yupiter. Gazovyi gigant imeet popyatnoe dvizhenie, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Tel'ca. Yupiter viden na nochnom i utrennem nebe. Vidimyi diametr planety sostavlyaet okolo 48 sekund dugi pri bleske -2,8m i rasstoyanii ot Zemli 4,11 - 4,09 a.e.. Bol'shie sputniki Yupitera vidny uzhe v binokl'. V nebol'shoi teleskop mozhno razglyadet' polosy na diske planety (parallel'no ekvatoru) i drugie detali. Pokrytiya sputnikov planetoi, zatmeniya i prohozhdeniya ih pered planetoi naibolee horosho vidny v period protivostoyaniya. Konfiguracii i yavleniya (prohozhdeniya i pokrytiya) v sisteme sputnikov Yupitera imeyutsya v Kalendare nablyudatelya na blizhaishie mesyacy. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Galileo. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den'.
Saturn. Okol'covannaya planeta dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Vodoleya. Saturn viden na nochnom nebe. Blesk planety sostavlyaet +0,9m, a uglovoi diametr - menee 18 sekund dugi. V teleskop vidno tonkoe kol'co planety. Sputnik Saturna Titan (8m) mozhno uvidet' dazhe v binokl', a drugie otnositel'no yarkie sputniki planety - v teleskop s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 60mm (luchshe vsego v period protivostoyaniya). Rasstoyanie ot Zemli do Saturna uvelichivaetsya ot 9,43 do 9,54 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Kassini. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' .
Uran. Planeta (m= +6, d= 3,4 ugl. sek.) imeet popyatnoe dvizhenie, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Tel'ca. Uran viden na nochnom nebe bliz rasseyannogo zvezdnogo skopleniya Pleyady. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Uranom uvelichivaetsya ot 18,58 do 18,61 a.e.. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 80 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Nevooruzhennym glazom planeta luchshe vsego nablyudaetsya okolo protivostoyaniya v bezlunnye nochi. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' .
Neptun. Planeta (m= +8, d= 2,3 ugl. sek.) dvizhetsya popyatno, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Ryb. Neptun viden na nochnom nebe. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 100 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Neptunom uvelichivaetsya ot 29,48 do 29,59a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den'.
Pluton. Karlikovaya planeta ili plutoid (+14,5m) nahoditsya v sozvezdii Kozeroga na rasstoyanii okolo 35 a.e. ot Zemli. Dlya vizual'nyh nablyudenii Plutona neobhodim teleskop s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 250 mm (v periody nailuchshei vidimosti) i prozrachnoe nebo, a ideal'noe mesto dlya ego nablyudenii - v ekvatorial'noi oblasti Zemli. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Novye Gorizonty
Obzornye stat'i o planetah i malyh telah Solnechnoi sistemy - v zhurnale Nebosvod 12 za 2008 god i 1 - 8 za 2009 god.
Dopolnitel'no http://galspace.spb.ru (vse o planetah) i http://astro.websib.ru ( raznaya astroinformaciya i zhurnal Nebosvod )
Efemeridy nekotoryh asteroidov nedeli na 0 chasov vsemirnogo vremeni (dannye GUIDE 8.0)
Data a(2000.0) d(2000.0) r delta m elon. V PA son. Cerera (1) 26 Nov 2024 19h56m45.48s S27 54' 55.1" 2.967 3.468 9.3 52.2 50.22 78.0 Sgr 1 Dec 2024 20h04m12.02s S27 33' 33.3" 2.969 3.523 9.3 48.9 51.42 77.5 Sgr Vesta (4) 26 Nov 2024 12h58m00.94s S 0 11' 37.4" 2.310 2.806 8.0 50.7 67.92 109.1 Vir 1 Dec 2024 13h06m30.38s S 0 55' 18.8" 2.305 2.751 8.0 53.5 67.14 108.7 Vir Irida (7) 26 Nov 2024 21h30m36.55s S 8 45' 56.3" 1.989 1.938 9.7 78.3 62.69 76.0 Cap 1 Dec 2024 21h38m57.02s S 8 14' 10.5" 1.979 1.982 9.7 75.4 65.56 75.2 Aqr Partenopa (11) 26 Nov 2024 3h13m06.21s N10 26' 20.0" 2.443 1.481 9.8 163.2 34.47 262.5 Ari 1 Dec 2024 3h08m47.47s N10 19' 01.2" 2.448 1.507 10.0 157.6 30.93 264.6 Cet Evnomiya (15) 26 Nov 2024 5h44m00.74s N35 22' 05.1" 2.250 1.319 8.3 154.4 31.56 254.5 Aur 1 Dec 2024 5h38m54.08s N35 02' 34.3" 2.257 1.306 8.2 159.8 35.70 252.2 Aur a pryamoe voshozhdenie dlya epohi 2000.0, d - sklonenie dlya epohi 2000.0, r - rasstoyanie ot Solnca (a.e.), delta - rasstoyanie ot Zemli (a.e.), m - zvezdnaya velichina, elon. - elongaciya, V - uglovaya skorost' (sekund v chas), RA - pozicionnyi ugol napravleniya dvizheniya nebesnogo tela, son. - sozvezdie
Izbrannye astronomicheskie yavleniya nedeli
Vremya dlya yavlenii privoditsya vsemirnoe. Na saite Sergeya Gur'yanova mozhno pol'zovat'sya veb-versiei AK na 2024 god s obshim obzorom zvezdnogo neba i yavlenii noyabrya i dekabrya mesyaca. Svedeniya ot drugih yavleniyah imeyutsya v Kalendare nablyudatelya na tekushii mesyac, Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2024 god i Astronomicheskom kalendare - spravochnike .
25 noyabrya, 21 chas 30 minut - Luna (F= 0,24-) v nishodyashem uzle svoei orbity.
26 noyabrya, 11 chasov 56 minut - Luna (F= 0,20-) v apogee svoei orbity na rasstoyanii 405315 km ot centra Zemli.
27 noyabrya, utro - Luna (F= 0,13-) bliz Spiki (pokrytie pri vidimosti v Severnoi Amerike).
28 noyabrya i vsyu nedelyu, noch' - Uran bliz rasseyannogo zvezdnogo skopleniya Pleyady (M45).
29 noyabrya, utro - Luna (F= 0,04-) bliz zvezdy al'fa Vesov.
30 noyabrya i vsyu nedelyu, noch' - Mars bliz rasseyannogo zvezdnogo skopleniya Yasli (M44).
01 dekabrya, 06 chasov 22 minuty - Novolunie.
Dopolnitel'no o yavleniyah i nablyudeniyah - na Astroforume, Novosti nauki, Meteoveb, Mir astronomii i DvaStrel'ca.
Vid zvezdnogo neba na nuzhnyi den' nedeli i na nuzhnoe vremya dlya vashego punkta nablyudeniya mozhno poluchit' pri pomoshi karty neba na Astronet
Istochniki: Kalendar' Nablyudatelya 11-2024 i 12-2024 AstroKA; GUIDE 8.0 (polozhenie asteroidov i komet), http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html (operativnye svedeniya o kometah), http://www.imo.net (meteory), AAVSO (peremennye zvezdy), Astronomicheskii kalendar'-spravochnik ot 1901 do 2100 goda, http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/ (katalog asteroidov i komet, a takzhe operativnaya informaciya o novyh nebesnyh telah), http://asteroidoccultation.com/IndexAll.htm (pokrytiya zvezd asteroidami).
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