Astronomicheskaya nedelya s 6 po 12 yanvarya 2025 goda9.12.2024 10:01 | Aleksandr Kozlovskii
Vopros nedeli. Na kakoi planete Solnce mozhet voshodit' i zahodit' v odnom meste?
Otvety mozhno davat' v kommentariyah k dannoi stranichke.
Na dannoi nedele 7 yanvarya Luna (F= 0,61+) dostignet perigeya svoei orbity na rasstoyanii 370173 km ot centra Zemli, a 9 yanvarya pri faze 0,74+ proidet bliz Urana. 10 yanvarya Venera dostignet maksimal'noi vostochnoi (vechernei) elongacii 47 gradusov, a Luna (F= 0,82+) proidet yuzhnee rasseyannogo zvezdnogo skopleniya Pleyady (pokrytie pri vidimosti v Severnoi Amerike i Afrike). V etot zhe den' Luna (F= 0,89+) proidet bliz Yupitera. 12 yanvarya budet imet' mesto maksimal'naya yuzhnaya libraciya Luny po shirote 6,6. V etot zhe den' Luna (F= 0,97+) proidet tochku maksimal'nogo skloneniya k severu ot nebesnogo ekvatora, a Mars dostignet minimal'nogo rasstoyaniya ot Zemli 0,642 a.e. (maksimal'nyi vidimyi diametr planety 14,6 uglovyh sekund).
Solnce. Maksimal'naya vysota dnevnogo svetila nad gorizontom na shirote Moskvy uvelichivaetsya do 13 gradusov, a dolgota dnya na toi zhe shirote uvelichivaetsya do 7 chasov 30 minut. Vidimyi diametr Solnca priderzhivaetsya znacheniya 32,53 minut dugi, a dvizhetsya ono po sozvezdiyu Strel'ca. Dannye o Solnce na tekushee vremya.
Luna. Estestvennyi sputnik Zemli vstupaet v fazu pervoi chetverti 6 yanvarya. Luna v svoem dvizhenii po nebesnoi sfere posetit sozvezdiya Ryb, Ovna, Tel'ca i Bliznecov, izmenyaya fazu ot 0,38+ do 0,99+ i uvelichivaya sklonenie, a takzhe vysotu verhnei kul'minacii. Nachalo nedeli nochnoe svetilo provedet v sozvezdii Ryb. Zdes' Luna primet fazu pervoi chetverti 6 yanvarya, a 7 yanvarya pri faze 0,6+ pereidet v sozvezdie Ovna. Zdes' 8 yanvarya lunnyi oval pri faze 0,74+ proidet severnee Urana i pereidet v sozvezdie Tel'ca. 10 yanvarya Luna (F= 0,82+) proidet yuzhnee rasseyannogo zvezdnogo skopleniya Pleyady (pokrytie pri vidimosti v Severnoi Amerike i Afrike). V etot zhe lunnyi oval (F= 0,9+) budet nablyudat'sya severnee Al'debarana i Yupitera. 12 yanvarya Luna (F= 0,96+) pereidet v sozvezdie Bliznecov. Fazy Luny na dannoe vremya i na budushee.
Iz planet Solnechnoi sistemy: Merkurii viden na fone utrennei zari, Veneru mozhno nablyudat' po vecheram, Mars i Yupiter nablyudayutsya na nochnom nebe, a Saturn, Uran i Neptun vidny vecherom i noch'yu. Podrobnye efemeridy i karty dvizheniya bol'shih planet imeyutsya v Astronomicheskih kalendaryah na blizhaishie gody. Efemeridy Solnca, Luny i planet na kazhdyi den' - http://astropixels.com/.
Iz komet hvostataya strannica ATLAS (C/2024 G3) pri maksimal'nom bleske okolo 0m dvizhetsya po sozvezdiyu Strel'ca. Karty putei komet i asteroidov na mesyac imeyutsya v Kalendare nablyudatelya na blizhaishie mesyacy, a na drugie periody - v Astronomicheskih kalendaryah na blizhaishie gody. Podrobnye svedeniya o kometah nedeli i mesyaca (s kartami i prognozami bleska) privodyatsya na http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html , a rezul'taty nablyudenii - na http://195.209.248.207/ .
Sredi asteroidov naibolee yarkoi na dannoi nedele budet Vesta (yarche 8m) v sozvezdii Devy.
Nedel'nyi obzor ot zhurnala "Skai end Teleskop", no nuzhno uchityvat', chto kartinki dayutsya dlya 40 severnoi shiroty, a polozhenie Luny i planet na 7 chasov pozdnee otnositel'no moskovskogo vremeni!
Obzor interesnyh yavlenii ot Andreya Klimkovskogo imeetsya na Astroforume v teme Astronomicheskie nablyudeniya.
Yasnogo neba i uspeshnyh nablyudenii!
Svedeniya ob astronomicheskih yavleniyah proshlogo i tekushego stoletii mozhno naiti v Astronomicheskom kalendare-spravochnike na Astronet http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1388759
Merkurii. Planeta imeet pryamoe dvizhenie, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Strel'ca. Merkurii mozhno nablyudat' na fone utrennei zari. Elongaciya planety umen'shaetsya do 16 gradusov k zapadu ot Solnca. Blesk Merkuriya priderzhivaetsya znacheniya -0,3m, vidimyi diametr sostavlyaet okolo 5 sekund dugi, a faza k koncu nedeli uvelichivaetsya do 0,90. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Merkuriem i Zemlei uvelichivaetsya ot 1,23 do 1,31 a.e.. Polozheniya planety vo vremya vseh maksimal'nyh elongacii imeyutsya v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2025 god. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Messendzher. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den'.
Venera. Planeta dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Vodoleya. Venera vidna na vechernem nebe v vide samoi yarkoi zvezdy. Elongaciya planety sostavlyaet okolo 47 gradusov. Vidimyi diametr ee sostavlyaet okolo 25 uglovyh sekund. Blesk planety imeet znachenie okolo -4,5m pri faze okolo 0,5. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Veneroi umen'shaetsya ot 0,71 do 0,66 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Venera-Ekspress. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' .
Mars. Zagadochnaya planeta imeet popyatnoe dvizhenie, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Raka. Mars nablyudaetsya na nochnom nebe v vide yarkoi oranzhevoi zvezdy. Blesk planety sostavlyaet -1,3m, a vidimyi diametr dostigaet maksimal'nogo znacheniya v dannoe protivostoyanie 14,6 sekund dugi. V teleskop mozhno nablyudat' detali na poverhnosti planety, a takzhe vesti zarisovki i fotografirovanie Marsa. Idet samyi blagopriyatnyi period nablyudenii Marsa v godu. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Marsom i Zemlei umen'shaetsya do minimal'nogo znacheniya v dannoe protivostoyanie 0,642 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - MSL Curiosity. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den'.
Yupiter. Gazovyi gigant imeet popyatnoe dvizhenie, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Tel'ca. Yupiter viden v nochnoe vremya. Vidimyi diametr planety sostavlyaet okolo 46 sekund dugi pri bleske -2,6m i rasstoyanii ot Zemli 4,23 - 4,30 a.e.. Bol'shie sputniki Yupitera vidny uzhe v binokl'. V nebol'shoi teleskop mozhno razglyadet' polosy na diske planety (parallel'no ekvatoru) i drugie detali. Pokrytiya sputnikov planetoi, zatmeniya i prohozhdeniya ih pered planetoi naibolee horosho vidny v period protivostoyaniya. Konfiguracii i yavleniya (prohozhdeniya i pokrytiya) v sisteme sputnikov Yupitera imeyutsya v Kalendare nablyudatelya na blizhaishie mesyacy. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Galileo. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den'.
Saturn. Okol'covannaya planeta dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Vodoleya. Saturn viden na vechernem i nochnom nebe. Blesk planety sostavlyaet +1m, a uglovoi diametr - okolo 16 sekund dugi. V teleskop vidno tonkoe kol'co planety. Sputnik Saturna Titan (8m) mozhno uvidet' dazhe v binokl', a drugie otnositel'no yarkie sputniki planety - v teleskop s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 60mm (luchshe vsego v period protivostoyaniya). Rasstoyanie ot Zemli do Saturna uvelichivaetsya ot 10,10 do 10,19 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Kassini. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' .
Uran. Planeta (m= +6, d= 3,4 ugl. sek.) imeet popyatnoe dvizhenie, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Ovna. Uran viden na nochnom nebe bliz rasseyannogo zvezdnogo skopleniya Pleyady. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Uranom uvelichivaetsya ot 18,94 do 19,04 a.e.. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 80 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Nevooruzhennym glazom planeta luchshe vsego nablyudaetsya okolo protivostoyaniya v bezlunnye nochi. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' .
Neptun. Planeta (m= +8, d= 2,3 ugl. sek.) dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Ryb. Neptun viden na vechernem i nochnom nebe. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 100 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Neptunom uvelichivaetsya ot 30,19 do 30,30 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den'.
Pluton. Karlikovaya planeta ili plutoid (+14,5m) nahoditsya v sozvezdii Kozeroga na rasstoyanii okolo 35 a.e. ot Zemli. Dlya vizual'nyh nablyudenii Plutona neobhodim teleskop s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 250 mm (v periody nailuchshei vidimosti) i prozrachnoe nebo, a ideal'noe mesto dlya ego nablyudenii - v ekvatorial'noi oblasti Zemli. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Novye Gorizonty
Obzornye stat'i o planetah i malyh telah Solnechnoi sistemy - v zhurnale Nebosvod 12 za 2008 god i 1 - 8 za 2009 god.
Dopolnitel'no http://galspace.spb.ru (vse o planetah) i http://astro.websib.ru ( raznaya astroinformaciya i zhurnal Nebosvod )
Efemeridy nekotoryh asteroidov nedeli na 0 chasov vsemirnogo vremeni (dannye GUIDE 8.0)
Data a(2000.0) d(2000.0) r delta m elon. V PA son. Cerera (1) 6 Jan 2025 21h00m24.99s S24 20' 04.2" 2.978 3.831 9.2 25.9 57.07 74.0 Cap 11 Jan 2025 21h08m24.16s S23 48' 05.7" 2.979 3.860 9.2 22.9 57.50 73.5 Cap Vesta (4) 6 Jan 2025 14h04m32.11s S 5 15' 46.9" 2.270 2.319 7.7 74.8 57.98 104.1 Vir 11 Jan 2025 14h11m57.01s S 5 42' 39.1" 2.265 2.255 7.7 78.0 56.06 103.2 Vir Irida (7) 6 Jan 2025 22h46m40.79s S 2 59' 10.8" 1.912 2.270 9.9 56.5 80.78 70.8 Aqr 11 Jan 2025 22h56m53.59s S 2 05' 04.7" 1.904 2.306 9.9 54.1 82.27 70.4 Psc Irena (14) 6 Jan 2025 6h54m38.53s N27 28' 39.5" 2.454 1.473 9.3 174.3 39.98 289.3 Gem 11 Jan 2025 6h49m07.88s N27 54' 09.7" 2.445 1.472 9.5 169.1 38.86 288.0 Gem Evnomiya (15) 6 Jan 2025 5h02m19.30s N30 44' 33.0" 2.314 1.405 8.5 150.9 29.97 224.4 Aur 11 Jan 2025 4h59m37.05s N30 02' 44.7" 2.323 1.444 8.6 145.5 25.90 216.2 Aur Amphitrite (29) 6 Jan 2025 10h19m48.81s N16 46' 43.9" 2.496 1.706 9.8 134.6 10.96 293.0 Leo 11 Jan 2025 10h18m06.78s N16 56' 28.2" 2.500 1.665 9.7 140.0 16.54 290.2 Leo a pryamoe voshozhdenie dlya epohi 2000.0, d - sklonenie dlya epohi 2000.0, r - rasstoyanie ot Solnca (a.e.), delta - rasstoyanie ot Zemli (a.e.), m - zvezdnaya velichina, elon. - elongaciya, V - uglovaya skorost' (sekund v chas), RA - pozicionnyi ugol napravleniya dvizheniya nebesnogo tela, son. - sozvezdie
Izbrannye astronomicheskie yavleniya nedeli
Vremya dlya yavlenii privoditsya vsemirnoe. Na saite Sergeya Gur'yanova mozhno pol'zovat'sya veb-versiei AK na 2025 god s obshim obzorom zvezdnogo neba i yavlenii yanvarya mesyaca. Svedeniya ot drugih yavleniyah imeyutsya v Kalendare nablyudatelya na tekushii mesyac, Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2025 god i Astronomicheskom kalendare - spravochnike .
06 yanvarya, 23 chasa 56 minut - Luna v faze pervoi chetverti.
07 yanvarya, 23 chasa 34 minuty - Luna (F= 0,61+) v perigee svoei orbity na rasstoyanii 370173 km ot centra Zemli.
08 yanvarya i vsyu nedelyu, noch' - Yupiter bliz Al'debarana.
09 yanvarya, noch' - Luna (F= 0,74+) prohodit bliz Urana.
10 yanvarya, 03 chasa 54 minuty - Venera v maksimal'noi vostochnoi (vechernei) elongacii 47 gradusov.
11 yanvarya i vsyu nedelyu, noch' - Uran bliz rasseyannogo zvezdnogo skopleniya Pleyady (M45).
12 yanvarya, 04 chasa 31 minuta - Luna (F= 0,97+) prohodit tochku maksimal'nogo skloneniya k severu ot nebesnogo ekvatora.
Dopolnitel'no o yavleniyah i nablyudeniyah - na Astroforume, Novosti nauki, Meteoveb, Mir astronomii i DvaStrel'ca.
Vid zvezdnogo neba na nuzhnyi den' nedeli i na nuzhnoe vremya dlya vashego punkta nablyudeniya mozhno poluchit' pri pomoshi karty neba na Astronet
Istochniki: Kalendar' Nablyudatelya 01-2025 AstroKA; GUIDE 8.0 (polozhenie asteroidov i komet), http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html (operativnye svedeniya o kometah), http://www.imo.net (meteory), AAVSO (peremennye zvezdy), Astronomicheskii kalendar'-spravochnik ot 1901 do 2100 goda, http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/ (katalog asteroidov i komet, a takzhe operativnaya informaciya o novyh nebesnyh telah), http://asteroidoccultation.com/IndexAll.htm (pokrytiya zvezd asteroidami).
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