Astronomicheskaya nedelya s 17 po 23 marta 2025 goda2.03.2025 10:13 | Aleksandr Kozlovskii
Vopros nedeli. Skol'ko vremeni dlitsya vesennee ravnodenstvie?
Otvety mozhno davat' v kommentariyah k dannoi stranichke.
Na dannoi nedele 17 marta Luna (F= 0,90-) dostignetapogeya svoei orbity na rasstoyanii 405754 km ot centra Zemli, a 19 marta Neptun vstupit v soedinenie s Solncem, 20 marta nasupit vesennee ravnodenstvie. V etot den' v 09 chasov 02 minuty po vsemirnomu vremeni Solnce (vidimyi centr), dvigayas' po ekliptike (v sozvezdii Ryb), dostignet tochki nebesnoi sfery s koordinatami 0 chasov po pryamomu voshozhdeniyu i 0 gradusov po skloneniyu, peresechet nebesnyi ekvator i pereidet iz yuzhnogo polushariya neba v severnoe. V den' vesennego ravnodenstviya Solnce na vsei Zemle voshodit tochno na vostoke, a zahodit tochno na zapade (den' stanovitsya raven nochi). Nastupaet astronomicheskaya vesna v severnom polusharii Zemli i osen' - v yuzhnom. Na polyusah Zemli Solnce matematicheski dvizhetsya tochno po gorizontu v techenie sutok, hotya blagodarya refrakcii, pripodnimayushei vse svetila nad gorizontom, fakticheski ono dvizhetsya vyshe gorizonta na velichinu refrakcii - okolo polgradusa. Po etoi zhe prichine vo vremya vesennego (kak i osennego) ravnodenstviya den' vse-taki nemnogo dlinnee nochi. Posle dnya vesennego ravnodenstviya poludennaya vysota Solnca budet uvelichivat'sya vplot' do dnya letnego solncestoyaniya, preodolev chetvert' svoego puti po zodiakal'nym sozvezdiyam i po orbite vokrug Solnca. Okolo ravnodenstviya Solnce vidno odnovremenno i na yuzhnom i severnom polyusah Zemli. Posle dnya vesennego ravnodenstviya na severnom polyuse Solnce budet nahodit'sya polgoda nad gorizontom, a na yuzhnom - polgoda pod gorizontom. 20 marta proizoidet pokrytie Lunoi (F= 0,67-) Antaresa (pri vidimosti v Avstralii i Novoi Zelandii). 22 marta Luna (F= 0,52-) proidet tochku maksimal'nogo skloneniya k yugu ot nebesnogo ekvatora, a takzhe budet imet' mesto maksimal'naya severnaya libraciya Luny po shirote 6,8 gr.. 23 marta Venera vstupit v nizhnee soedinenie s Solncem (dvoinaya vidimost' planety - vechernyaya i utrennyaya).
Solnce. Maksimal'naya vysota dnevnogo svetila nad gorizontom na shirote Moskvy uvelichivaetsya do 36 gradusov, a dolgota dnya na toi zhe shirote uvelichivaetsya do 12 chasov 25 minut. Vidimyi diametr Solnca umen'shaetsya do 32,09 minut dugi, a dvizhetsya ono po sozvezdiyu Ryb. Dannye o Solnce na tekushee vremya. Efemeridy Solnca na 2025 god
Luna. Estestvennyi sputnik Zemli vstupaet v fazu poslednei chetverti 22 marta. Luna v svoem dvizhenii po nebesnoi sfere posetit sozvezdiya Devy, Vesov, Skorpiona, Zmeenosca i Strel'ca, izmenyaya fazu ot 0,93- do 0,35- i umen'shaya sklonenie, a takzhe vysotu verhnei kul'minacii. Nachalo nedeli nochnoe svetilo provedet v sozvezdii Devy. 18 marta lunnyi oval (F= 0,87-) pereidet v sozvezdie Vesov. Zdes' nochnoe svetilo probudet do 19 marta, kogda pri faze 0,74- dostignet sozvezdiya Skorpiona. V etom sozvezdii 20 marta Luna pri faze 0,67- pokroet Antares pri vidimosti v Avstralii i Novoi Zelandii. 21 marta lunnyi oval (F= 0,63-) pereidet v sozvezdie Zmeenosca, a 22 marta - v sozvezdie Strel'ca uzhe pri faze 0,54-. Zdes' 22 marta Luna primet fazu poslednei chetverti, a 24 marta lunnyi serp 0,29- pereidet v sozvezdie Kozeroga. Fazy Luny na dannoe vremya i na budushee. Efemeridy Luny na 2025 god
Planety Solnechnoi sistemy. Merkurii, Venera, i Uran nablyudayutsya na vechernem nebe, Saturn i Neptun nahodyatsya na utrennem nebe, a Mars i Yupiter nablyudayutsya na vechernem i nochnom nebe. Podrobnye efemeridy i karty dvizheniya bol'shih planet imeyutsya v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2025 god i Astronomicheskih kalendaryah na blizhaishie gody.
Komety. Hvostataya strannica Tsuchinshan-ATLAS (C/2023 A3) pri bleske slabee 11m dvizhetsya po sozvezdiyu Del'fina. Karty putei komet i asteroidov na mesyac imeyutsya v Kalendare nablyudatelya na blizhaishie mesyacy, a na drugie periody - v Astronomicheskih kalendaryah na blizhaishie gody. Podrobnye svedeniya o kometah nedeli i mesyaca (s kartami i prognozami bleska) privodyatsya na http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html , a rezul'taty nablyudenii - na http://195.209.248.207/ .
Asteroidy. Naibolee yarkoi na dannoi nedele budet Vesta (okolo 6,5m) v sozvezdii Vesov.
Efemeridy nekotoryh asteroidov nedeli na 0 chasov vsemirnogo vremeni (dannye GUIDE 8.0)
Data a(2000.0) d(2000.0) r delta m elon. V PA son. Cerera (1) 16 Mar 2025 22h48m24.42s S15 51.982' 2.986 3.906 9.2 19.4 57.61 70.1 Aqr 21 Mar 2025 22h55m50.16s S15 12.798' 2.986 3.884 9.2 22.2 57.23 70.1 Aqr Vesta (4) 16 Mar 2025 15h13m51.55s S 7 04.922' 2.210 1.468 6.6 126.6 10.16 51.0 Lib 21 Mar 2025 15h14m36.74s S 6 50.719' 2.207 1.419 6.5 131.3 7.89 14.4 Lib Irida (7) 16 Mar 2025 1h19m05.46s N11 08.125' 1.841 2.668 9.8 27.3 93.12 70.5 Psc 21 Mar 2025 1h31m01.06s N12 09.716' 1.840 2.689 9.8 25.4 93.44 71.0 Psc Flora (8) 16 Mar 2025 11h42m17.48s N11 31.106' 2.424 1.437 9.5 170.4 41.76 295.8 Leo 21 Mar 2025 11h37m20.64s N12 05.544' 2.430 1.450 9.6 166.5 39.99 293.8 Leo Evnomiya (15) 16 Mar 2025 5h33m24.38s N24 24.150' 2.442 2.254 10.0 88.6 43.20 100.6 Tau 21 Mar 2025 5h39m46.70s N24 08.955' 2.452 2.327 10.1 85.1 45.49 99.8 Tau Amphitrite (29) 16 Mar 2025 9h25m18.23s N19 13.242' 2.551 1.691 9.8 142.2 18.99 262.1 Leo 21 Mar 2025 9h23m04.89s N19 06.715' 2.554 1.736 9.9 136.8 14.35 252.8 Leo a pryamoe voshozhdenie dlya epohi 2000.0, d - sklonenie dlya epohi 2000.0, r - rasstoyanie ot Solnca (a.e.), delta - rasstoyanie ot Zemli (a.e.), m - zvezdnaya velichina, elon. - elongaciya, V - uglovaya skorost' (sekund v chas), RA - pozicionnyi ugol napravleniya dvizheniya nebesnogo tela, son. - sozvezdie
Vid zvezdnogo neba na nuzhnyi den' nedeli i na nuzhnoe vremya dlya vashego punkta nablyudeniya mozhno poluchit' pri pomoshi karty neba na Astronet
Dopolnitel'no: http://astro.websib.ru (raznaya astroinformaciya i zhurnal Nebosvod), sait Sergeya Gur'yanova s obzorom marta mesyaca, Kalendar' nablyudatelya na tekushii mesyac, Astronomicheskii kalendar' na 2025 god i Astronomicheskii kalendar' - spravochnik (svedeniya ob astronomicheskih yavleniyah proshlogo i tekushego stoletii), a takzhe saity Astroforum, Meteoveb i DvaStrel'ca. Nedel'nyi obzor ot zhurnala "Skai end Teleskop", no nuzhno uchityvat', chto kartinki dayutsya dlya 40 severnoi shiroty, a polozhenie Luny i planet na 7 chasov pozdnee otnositel'no moskovskogo vremeni!
Yasnogo neba i uspeshnyh nablyudenii!
Istochniki: Kalendar' Nablyudatelya 03-2025 AstroKA; GUIDE 8.0 (polozhenie asteroidov i komet), http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html (operativnye svedeniya o kometah), http://www.imo.net (meteory), AAVSO (peremennye zvezdy), Astronomicheskii kalendar'-spravochnik ot 1901 do 2100 goda, http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/ (katalog asteroidov i komet, a takzhe operativnaya informaciya o novyh nebesnyh telah), http://asteroidoccultation.com/IndexAll.htm (pokrytiya zvezd asteroidami).
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astronomicheskaya nedelya - lyubitel'skaya astronomiya - nebo - nevooruzhennym glazom
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