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The R.A.P. Project (Reviews of Astro-Ph) 2003

Ostatki sverhnovyh
(Arhiv Ostatki sverhnovyh:
v.2, 2004, v.1, 2002-2003)

Vypusk 61. 16-30 noyabrya 2003

astro-ph/0311340 "Razbitaya Gitara": evolyuciya golovnoi udarnoi volny neitronnoi zvezdy (Smashing the Guitar: An Evolving Neutron Star Bow Shock)
Authors: S.Chatterjee, J.M.Cordes
Comments: 4 pages, 3 figures, submitted to ApJL

Tumannost' "Gitara" - znamenityi primer ob'ekta v kotorom nablyudaetsya yarkaya golovnaya udarnaya volna vozle molodoi neitronnoi zvezdy. Radiopul'sar B2224+65, svyazannyi s etoi tumannost', dvizhetsya v prostranstve s ochen' vysokoi (~800-1600škm/s; bol'shaya oshibka v skorosti svyazana s neopredelennost'yu rasstoyaniya do tumannosti - 1-2 kpk). Za sem' let mezhdu nablyudeniyami v tumannosti proizoshli opredelennye izmeneniya, kotorye obsuzhdayutsya v dannoi rabote.


miniobzor astro-ph/0311406 Obzor rentgenovskih nablyudenii ostatkov sverhnovyh (A Review of X-ray Observations of Supernova Remnants)
Authors: Jacco Vink
Comments: 10 pages, 7 figures

Poyavilos' srazu neskol'ko interesnyh rabot po rentgenovskim nablyudeniyam ostatkov sverhnovyh, no nachinat' chtenie bezuslovno nado s obzora.

Sovremennye rentgenovskie dannye pozvolyayut poluchat' mnogo interesnoi informacii. V chastnosti, mozhno izuchat' spektry otdel'nyh chastei ostatkov, a znachit mozhno poluchat' raspredelenie himicheskih elementov po ostatku. Poskol'ku teoriya vzryva sverhnovoi eshe daleka ot zaversheniya, postol'ku eta informaciya vazhna i vostrebovana. Krome togo, ostatki sverhnovyh sluzhat uskoritelyami dlya kosmicheskih luchei, i zdes' takzhe mnogo nereshennyh voprosov. V obshem, kak obychno, progress nablyudatel'noi tehniki vlechet za soboi progress nashego ponimaniya astronomicheskih ob'ektov, i ostatki sverhnovyh zdes' horoshii primer.

Sm. takzhe stat'i Year-scale morphological variation of the X-ray Crab Nebula; An X-ray study of the supernova remnant G18.95-1.1; Low frequency radio and X-ray properties of core-collapse supernovae; X-ray and radio prompt emission from a hypernova SN 2002ap.


Vypusk 46. 1-15 iyunya 2003

astro-ph/0306057 Rentgenovskie nablyudeniya kompaktnogo central'nogo ob'ekta v ostatke sverhnovoi G347.3-0.5 (X-ray observations of the compact central object in supernova remnant G347.3-0.5)
Authors: J. Lazendic et al.
Comments: 8 pages, 2 figures, submitted to ApJ Letters

Opisyvayutsya rentgenovskie nablyudeniya kompaktnogo istochnika v ostatke sverhnovoi, provedennye na sputnikah Chandra, XMM-Newton i RXTE. Avtory pokazyvayut, chto imenno etot radiotihii nepul'siruyushii istochnik svyazan s ostatkom, a ne izvestnyi radiopul'sar PSR J1713-3945 s periodom 392 msek. Po vsei vidimosti kompaktnyi istochnik yavlyaetsya molodoi neitronnoi zvezdoi, kotoraya ne yavlyaetsya standartnym radiopul'sarom.

T.o. gruppa radiotihih nepul'siruyushih rentgenovskih central'nyh kompaktnyh istochnikov v ostatkah sverhnovyh popolnilas' eshe odnim ob'ektom. Eto ochen' vazhno, t.k. problema nachal'nyh parametrov neitronnyh zvezd daleka ot razresheniya. Vse bolee ochevidno, chto ne vse neitronnye zvezdy rozhdayutsya pohozhimi na pul'sar v Krabe.

Vypusk 44. 17-23 maya 2003

astro-ph/0305383 Rentgenovskii pul'sar v bogatom kislorodom ostatke sverhnovoi G292.0+1.8 (An X-Ray Pulsar in the Oxygen-Rich Supernova Remnant G292.0+1.8)
Authors: John P. Hughes et al.
Comments: 5 pages, including 3 postscript figs, LaTeX, submitted to ApJ Letters

35 let nazad vazhnym sobytie stalo otkrytie pul'sara v Krabovidnoi tumannosti. Eto dalo odnoznachnoe svidetel'stvo svyazi neitronnyh zvezd i vzryvov sverhnovyh. S teh por Krabovidnaya tumannost' i malen'kaya svetlaya tochechka, ukazannaya strelkoi - pul'sar - stali neot'emlemym atributom lyubogo uchebnika astronomii. Odnako, v fizike i astrofizike neitronnyh zvezd, vzryvov i ostatkov sverhnovyh est' eshe mnogo neyasnogo. I zdes' na pomosh' prihodyat novye nablyudeniya molodyh kompaktnyh ob'ektov v obrazovavshihsya posle razleta zvezdy tumannostyah.

Kak izvestno, "chert pryachetsya v detalyah". I malo togo, chto s detalyami prihoditsya razbirat'sya, ih samim zhe prihoditsya vyiskivat'. V chastnosti, hochetsya issledovat' kak mozhno bolee blizkie ostatki sverhnovyh, soderzhashie molodye neitronnye zvezdy. Eshe hochetsya, chtoby ob'ekty byli vidny ot radio do rentgena, i chtob nablyudalsya pul'sarnyi effekt. Teper' ostatok G292.0+1.8 v etom otnoshenii odin iz luchshih.

On raspolozhen na rasstoyanii okolo 6 kpk ot nas, dinamicheskii (t.e. opredelennyi po razletu) vozrast - okolo 2000 let. V etoi tumannosti vidno mnozhestvo interesnyh strukturnyh detalei. Krome togo, mozhno dostatochno tochno issledovat' himicheskii sostav ostatka i raspredelenie elementov. Vse eto vazhno, t.k. pozvolyaet rekonstruirovat' svoistva vzorvavsheisya zvezdy.

Bukval'no dva goda nazad s pomosh'yu Chandry byl otkryt tochechnyi rentgenovskii istochnik v etom ostatke. Posledovavshie radionablyudeniya pokazali nalichie radiopul'sara s periodom 0.135 sekundy. Teper', blagodarya dlitel'nym nablyudeniyam na Chandre, pul'sacii naideny i v rentgenovskom diapazone. Vozrast pul'sara, opredelennyi po uvelicheniyu perioda, nahoditsya v horoshem soglasii s vozrastom ostatka.

Zhalko, chto v optike pul'sara poka ne vidno. No Habblom na nego poka ne smotreli, i, navernyaka, zayavka uzhe napisana (i, skoree vsego, odobrena)!


(Arhiv Ostatki sverhnovyh:
v.2, 2004, v.1, 2002-2003)

Publikacii s klyuchevymi slovami: astrofizika - obzory - astro-ph
Publikacii so slovami: astrofizika - obzory - astro-ph
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