The R.A.P. Project (Reviews of Astro-Ph)
Solnechnaya sistema
(Arhiv Solnechnaya sistema: v.2, 2003,
v.1, 2002-2003)
Authors: N. Capitaine, B. Guinot
Comments: 2 pages
Koroten'kaya zametka, v osnovnom posvyashennaya opredeleniyu astronomicheskoi edinicy. Avtory polagayut, chto bylo by pravil'no zafiksirovat' ee kak nekotoroe zadannoe chislo metrov, chtoby ne bylo rashozhdenii s SI. Seichas po suti zadannoi velichinoi yavlyaetsya GMSun, v itoge poyavlyaetsya dve edinicy dliny (a.e. i metr), kotorye opredelyayutsya po raznomu, i, sootvestvenno, otnoshenie mezhdu nimi plavaet. Eto ne vsem nravitsya.
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ru_astroph.
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Authors: R.M. Canup, W.R. Ward
Comments: 62 pages, to appear in "Europa", University of Arizona Press
Avtory detal'no obsuzhdayut formirovanie sistemy sputnikov Yupitera, a s osobymi detalyami rassmatrivayut obrazovanie Evropy.
Authors: Andrew Youdin
Comments: 20 pages, 3 figures, to appear in the proceedings of the Les Houches Winter School "Physics and Astrophysics of Planetary Systems"
Lekciya posvyashena nachal'nym periodam evolyucii protoplanetnyh diskov, kogda proishodit rost planetezimalei. Okonchatel'noi yasnosti v etoi oblasti net, a potomu avtor rassmatrivaet raznye processy, kotorye mogut idti v diskah.
V paru k etoi lekcii stoit prochest' i arxiv:0807.1272.
Authors: Konstantin Batygin, Gregory Laughlin
Comments: 37 pages, 18 figures, accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal
Avtory chislenno issleduyut dinamicheskuyu ustoichivost' Solnechnoi sistemy na bol'shih vremenah (milliardy let). Nikakoi neustoichivosti ne naideno (zamechu, chto issledovat' vremena bolee, skazhem, pyati milliardov let neskol'ko bessmyslenno, prosto potomu, chto Solnce evolyucioniruet). Odnako eto eshe ne konec istorii. Neskol'ko let nazad Zhak Laskar pokazal, chto planetnye orbity vse-taki mogut byt' neustoichivy (ili, esli ugodno, chto obychnye metody rascheta upuskayut nekotorye vozmozhnosti razvitiya sobytii). Poskol'ku sistema imeet harakteristiki haoticheskoi sistemy, to slabye vozmusheniya mogut privodit' k bol'shim posledstviyam (effekt babochki). Laskar "rukami" vnosil slabye vozmusheniya v zemnuyu orbitu (Zemlya smeshalas' na 150 metrov v tu ili inuyu storonu), a zatem otbiral scenarii razvitiya sobytii, v kotoryh ekscentrisitet Merkuriya vozrastal. Posle shaga integrirovaniya v polmilliarda let v sistemu snova vnosilis' slabye vozmusheniya, i snova otbiralis' scenarii, gde orbita Merkuriya vse bol'she vytyagivalas'. V itoge za 6 milliardov let ekscentrisitet Merkuriya vyros do 0.5. T.e., est' malen'kaya veroyatnost' togo, chto orbity vse-taki budut sil'no drugimi spustya neskol'ko milliardov let (dlya Merkuriya Laskar poluchil ocenku veroyatnosti togo, chto ekscentrisitet vyrastet do 0.6 za 5 milliardov let, poryadka 1 procenta).
Avtory primenili laskarovskuyu tehniku i pokazali, chto orbity planet zemnoi gruppy mogut okazyvat'sya neustoichivymi na vremenah poryadka milliarda let. A vot v mire gigantov vse spokoino. Avtory ne uchityvali effekty OTO (Laskar uchityval). Oni obsuzhdayut, naskol'ko eto vazhno v dannoi zadache.
Authors: Gy. M. Szabo, L. L. Kiss, K. Sarneczky
Comments: 13 pages, 5 figures, 1 table, ApJ Letters, in press
Kometa Heila-Boppa, proshedshaya tochku naibol'shego sblizheniya s Solncem 11 let nazad, a seichas nahodyashayasya na rasstoyanii 25.7 astronomicheskih edinic ot nego, vse eshe aktivna. Avtory razglyadeli komu razmerom v 180 tysyach kilometrov. Dannoe nablyudenie stavit rekord "dal'nosti" v nablyudeniyah kometnoi aktivnosti.
Authors: Klaus-Peter Schroder, Robert C. Smith
Comments: 10 pages, MNRAS 2008, in print (accepted Jan. 23rd, 2008)
Na osnove novyh modelei zvezdnoi evolyucii avtory rassmatrivayut dalekoe budeshee Solnca i okruzhayushih ego planet, v chastnosti i Zemli. Krome togo, rezul'taty prilagayutsya k ozhidaemym svoistvam planet vokrug belyh karlikov.
V budushem Solnce budet sbrasyvat' veshestvo. Eto budet privodit' k rasshireniyu planetnyh orbit. S drugoi storony, esli planeta vse-taki okazhetsya slishkom blizko k rasshirevsheisya zvezde, to planeta budet tormizit'sya za schet vozdeistviya vneshnih sloev zvezdy (krome togo, vazhny i prilivnye sily). V itoge planeta po spirali budet padat' na zvezdu. Sootvetstvenno, est' nekotoroe kriticheskoe rasstoyanie: planety, nahodyashiesya (kogda zvezda nahoditsya na stadii glavnoi posledovatel'nosti, t.e. "seichas" v sluchae Solnechnoi sistemy) blizhe nekotorogo rasstoyaniya, upadut na zvezdu, kogda ona stanet gigantom. Po ocenkam avtorov dlya Solnca eto rasstoyanie ravno 1.15 astronomicheskoi edinicy. T.e., oni predrekayut Zemle dovol'no pechal'noe budushee. "Eto ochen' ogorchaet". Pravda, sluchitsya eto tol'ko cherez 7 s hvostikom milliardov let.
Krome togo, avtory issleduyut i drugie aspekty budushei evolyucii Solnca. V chastnosti, oni polagayut, chto nasha zvezda ne dast krasivoi planetarnoi tumannosti (hotya sbros veshestva, razumeetsya, budet znachitel'nym).
V zaklyuchenie podcherknu, chto konechno zhe modeli zvezdnoi evolyucii (dazhe dlya Solnca) poka ne dostigli toi tochnosti, chtoby pisat' chto-to v duhe "astronomy dokazali, chto..." (kstati, o perspektivah utochneniya modelei Solnca s pomosh'yu gelioseismologii mozhno prochest' zdes' arxiv:0801.4213). Predstavlen rezul'tat, poluchennyi v ramkah nekotoroi modeli. Kachestvenno, tam vse verno. No vot poruchit'sya za chisla vrode "1.15 a.e." poka mozhno lish' s opredelennoi stepen'yu uverennosti.
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Authors: Gyula M. Szabo, Laszlo L. Kiss
Comments: Accepted by Icarus. 22 pages, 1 table, 6 figures, 31 figure panels
Issledovav krivye bleska bolee 11 tysyach asteroidov, avtory prishli k vyvodu, chto s vozrastom forma etih nebesnyh tel izmenyaetsya. Oni stanovyatsya bolee kruglymi. Vidimo, eto proishodit na schet neslishkom sil'nyh stolknovenii, kotorye ne razrushayut asteroidy, a ih "obtesyvayut".
Authors: V.L. Afanasiev, V.V. Kalenichenko, I.D. Karachentsev
Comments: 9 pages, 6 EPS figures, Astrophysical Bulletin, 2007, v. 62, p. 301-310
28 iyulya 2006 g. na shestimetrovom teleskope v SAO sluchaino byl poluchen spektr slabogo meteora. Neobychnym yavlyaetsya to, chto ocenka skorosti chasticy okazalas' gromadnoi: 300 km v sek. Imenno eto i daet osnovaniya avtoram nazyvaet ego "mezhgalakticheskim", ibo v raione solnechnoi orbity v Galaktike eta velichina prevoshodit "vtoruyu galakticheskuyu". Ocenka razmera chasticy daet vsego lish' neskol'ko desyatyh millimetra, no eto nemalo, esli sravnivat' s analogichnymi chasticami v Solnechnoi sisteme.
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Authors: Andrew Youdin
Comments: 20 pages, 3 figures, to appear in the proceedings of the Les Houches Winter School "Physics and Astrophysics of Planetary Systems"
Lekciya posvyashena nachal'nym periodam evolyucii protoplanetnyh diskov, kogda proishodit rost planetezimalei. Okonchatel'noi yasnosti v etoi oblasti net, a potomu avtor rassmatrivaet raznye processy, kotorye mogut idti v diskah.
V paru k etoi lekcii stoit prochest' i arxiv:0807.1272.
Authors: Benoit Carry et al.
Comments: 11 pages, 8 Postscript figures, Accepted for publication in A&A
Po nablyudeniyam na teleskope Kek-2 postroena karta poverhnosti Cerery s razresheniem okolo 50 km. Utochneny razmery karlikovoi planety, vydeleny svetlye i temnye oblasti na poverhnosti.
Authors: Keith S. Noll, et al.
Comments: 31 pages, 4 figures, 2 tables accepted for publication in Icarus
Analiz dannyh po sotne transneptunovyh ob'ektov pokazal, chto est' interesnaya korrelyaciya svoistv dvoinyh s nakloneniem ih orbity (ih 21 iz 101). Dlya malyh naklonenii (menee 5,5 gradusov) doli dvoinyh velika, a sami dvoinye sostoyat iz ob'ektov blizkih razmerov. Pri bol'shih nakloneniyah dvoinyh men'she. I v osnovnom eto para, sostoyashaya iz massivnogo ob'ekta i melkogo sputnika. Avtory obsuzhdayut nekotorye mehanizmy obrazovaniya poyasa Koipera, kotorye mogli by privesti k poyavleniyu dvuh raznyh populyacii ob'ektov.
Authors: M. G. Hidas, A. A. Christou, T. M. Brown
Comments: 4 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS Letters
Vpervye udalos' pronablyudat' vzaimnoe zatmenie dvuh sputnikov Urana - Oberona i Umbrielya. Razumeetsya, eto pozvolilo utochnit' nekotorye parametry etih ob'ektov.
Authors: Carey Lisse et al.
Comments: 29 pages, 17 figures, to appear in "Science Opportunities for the Warm Spitzer Mission"
V nachale 2009 goda na kosmicheskoi IK observatorii im. Spitcera zakonchitsya "holodnyi period", t.k. zakonchitsya kriogen. Odnako teleskop budet rabotat' i dal'she. Dlya obsuzhdeniya zadach na "teplyi period" byla provedena konferenciya.
V dannoi stat'e iz materialov etoi konferencii rassmatrivaetsya, chto Spitcer mozhet skazat' ob ustroistve i proishozhdenii Solnechnoi sistemy. V osnovnom rech' idet ob issledovaniyah komet, ob'ektov poyasa Koipera i tp.
Authors: Glen H. Fountain et al.
Comments: 33 pages, 13 figures, 4 tables; To appear in a special volume of Space Science Reviews on the New Horizons mission
Special'nyi vypusk zhurnala Space Science Reviews posvyashen sputniku New Horizons. Prakticheski vse stat'i vylozheny (ili budut vylozheny) v Arhiv. Zdes' my ob'edinyaem ih, nachinaya so stat'i s opisaniem samogo apparata.
Drugie stat'i.
arxiv:0709.4261 - Overview of
the New Horizons Science Payload. Opisany nauchnye instrumenty na bortu
sputnika.
arxiv:0709.4270 -
New Horizons: Anticipated Scientific Investigations at the Pluto System.
Opisany planiruemye nablyudeniya i nekotorye ozhidaemye rezul'taty.
arxiv:0709.4279 -
ALICE: The Ultraviolet Imaging Spectrograph aboard the New Horizons
Pluto-Kuiper Belt Mission. Podrobno opisan odin iz priborov - bortovoi
spektrograf.
arxiv:0709.4281 -
Ralph: A Visible/Infrared Imager for the New Horizons Pluto/Kuiper Belt
Mission. Opisanie drugogo pribora, kotoryi budet poluchat' IK izobrazheniya i
snimki v vidimom svete.
arxiv:0709.4417 -
The New Horizons Pluto Kuiper belt Mission: An Overview with Historical
Context. Eshe odno opisanie missii, no s neskol'ko drugoi tochki zreniya.
arxiv:0709.4428 -
The Pluto Energetic Particle Spectrometer Science Investigation (PEPSSI) on
the New Horizons Mission. Snova opisanie pribora. On budet opredelyat'
svoistva popavshih v nego chastic solnechnogo vetra i vsego, chto boltaetsya
okolo Plutona.
arxiv:0709.4505 -
The Solar Wind Around Pluto (SWAP) Instrument Aboard New Horizons.
Opisanie eshe odnogo pribora. On prednaznachen dlya issledovaniya vzaimodeistviya
solnechnogo vetra s ionami iz atmosfery Plutona.
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Authors: Attilio Anselmo
Comments: 6 pages, 7 figures
Lyubopytnaya zametka. Avtor, proanalizirovav pyl' s krysh domov, pokazyvaet, chto sfericheskie chasticy, kotorye inogda svyazyvayut s mikrometeoritami, na samom dele svyazany s tehnicheskoi deyatel'nost'yu cheloveka.
Authors: Gerald Cecil, Dmitry Rashkeev
Comments: 7 pages, 4 PDF figures, pdfLaTeX, scheduled for Nov. Astronomical Journal
Predstavleny rezul'taty s'emki s Zemli toi chasti Merkuriya, kotoraya ne byla otkartografirovana s Marinera 10. S'emka velas' na teleskope SOAR. Populyarnoe izlozhenie mozhno pochitat' zdes'.
Authors: Sushil Shetty, Xylar S. Asay-Davis, Philip S. Marcus
Comments: Manuscript accepted to Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, March 2007
Issleduetsya povedenie Bol'shogo Krasnogo Pyatna i ego okrestnostei.
Authors: Arlin P.S. Crotts
Comments: 45 pages, 1 figure, submitted to ApJ.
Avtor privodit svodku dannyh o nablyudeniyah kratkovremennyh (tranzientnyh) lunnyh yavlenii i daet nekotoryi kriticheskii analiz. Avtor polagaet, chto bol'shinstvo nablyudenii, sdelannyh vmenyaemymi nablyudatelyami, svyazany s real'nymi sobytiyami.
Sm. takzhe arxiv:0706.3949, arxiv:0706.3952, arxiv:0706.3954.
Takzhe sm. sait avtora.
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Authors: William T. Reach, Michael S. Kelley, Mark V. Sykes
Comments: 84 pages, accepted by Icarus; figures compressed for astro-ph
Ogromnaya stat'ya, soderzhashie dannye nablyudenii na kosmicheskom infrakrasnom teleskope im. Spitcera 34 korotkoperiodicheskih komet. Razumeetsya, mnogo izobrazhenii. V stat'e ochen' horoshee vvedenie.
Rech' idet o nablyudenii hvostov, sostoyashih iz krupnyh (mm-sm) chastic. Takie zvosty yavlyayutsya pervoi stadiei v poyavlenii meteornogo potoka. Imenno peresechenie takih hvostov mozhet privodit' k "zvezdnym dozhdyam".
U 31 iz 34 komet takih hvosty byli obnaruzheny v rezul'tate nablyudenii (pravda, u 4 iz nih pryamoe nablyudenie zvostov bylo kraine zatrudnitel'nym). Massy hvostov bolee 10 v 11 stepeni gramm. Poterya veshestva kometoi v vide takih otnositel'no krupnyh chastic sostavlyaet okolo 2 kg/sek.
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Authors: J. A. de Diego et al.
Comments: To appear in A&A Letters, 4 pages, 2 figures
Kakaya krasivaya tema dlya issledovaniya! Predstav'te, letayushie v kosmose kroshechnye almazy perehvatyvayut ul'trafioletovoe izluchenie kvazarov i pereizluchayut ego v vide mikrovoln. Prichem, rech' idet o nanoalmazah, nahodyashihsya vblizi kvazara (nazvanie "meteoritnye" ne dolzhno sbivat' s tolku, ono lish' ukazyvaet na nekotorye svoistva rassmatrivaemyh chastic, sm. zdes'). Takaya gipotezy byla predlozhena, chtoby ob'yasnit' nekotorye osobennosti ul'trafioletovyh spektrov kvazarov. K sozhaleniyu, proverka, provedennaya v stat'e, pokazala, chto nanoalmazy, analogichnye meteoritnym, ne mogut nesti otvetstvennost' za zaval v spektre kvazarov. Ob etom govorit otsutstvie sushestvennogo izlucheniya na volnah 3.43 i 3.53 mikrona. Odnako est' eshe odna, poka ne issledovannaya, vozmozhnost'. Nanoalmazy vblizi kvazarov mogut neskol'ko otlichat'sya ot "nashih". Delo v tom, chto moshnoe UF-izluchenie kvazara mozhet izmenit' svoistva poverhnosti chastic, chto privedet k tomu, chto pereizluchenie budet imet' mesto, no na drugih chastotah. Issledovanie takoi gipotezy eshe predstoit provesti.
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Authors: N. Pinilla-Alonso et al.
Comments: 5 pages, 3 figures submitted to Astronomy & Astrophysics
Issledovaniya transneptunovogo ob'ekta 2005 RR43, provedennye v vidimom i blizhnem-IK diapazonah spektra, ukazyvayut na to, chto ego poverhnost' bogata vodyanym l'dom. Eto ne pervyi sluchai. Sootvetstvenno, avtory delayut vyvod o tom, chto sushestvuet celaya populyaciya transneptunovyh ob'ektov s pohozhimi orbitami, poverhnost' kotoryh pokryta obychnym l'dom.
Authors: Keith S. Noll et al.
Comments: 21 pages, Accepted for inclusion in "The Kuiper Belt", University of Arizona Press, Space Science Series
V poyase Koipera est' nemalo dvoinyh ob'ektov. Ih rol' v dinamike Poyasa dostatochno velika, poetmou oni privlekayut osobyi interes. V obzore daetsya podrobnyi obzor vsego togo, chto my znaem o takih sistemah.
Authors: John Stansberry, et al.
Comments: 19 pages, 3 figures, 5 tables
Avtory privodyat dannye po rezul'tatam nablyudenii 47 kentavrov i
ob'ektov poyasa Koipera na infrakrasnom kosmicheskom teleskope imeni Spitcera.
Osnovnye rezul'taty takovy:
1. chem men'shii perigelii imeet ob'ekt, tem men'she ego al'bedo (t.e., ob'ekt
temnee),
2. al'bedo ob'ektov poyasa Koipera (no ne kentavrov!) korreliruyut s ih
razmerom (chem bol'she ob'ekt, tem bol'she al'bedo).
Vozmozhno, chto est' i eshe nekotorye interesnye korrelyacii, no tut poka
mnogo neyasnogo.
Authors: R. Moreno et al.
Comments: 2 pages, Second workshop on Mars atmosphere modelling and observations, held February 2 7 - March 3, 2006 Granada, Spain. Edited by F. Forget, M.A. Lopez-Valverde, M.C. Desjean, J.P. Huot, F. Lefevre, S. Lebonnois, S.R. Lewis, E. Millour, P.L. Read and R.J. Wilson. Publisher : LMD, IAA, AOPP, CNES, ESA, 2006., p.134, Espagne (2006)
Srednyaya atmosfera sootvetstvuet vysotam ot 40 do 80 km. Okazyvaetsya, chto ee mozhno aktivno i uspeshno izuchat' s pomosh'yu nazemnyh teleskopov. Eto dostigaetsya ispol'zovaniem interferometrov, rabotayushih v millimetrovom diapazone. Osnovnym rezul'tatom, predstavlennym v stat'e, yavlyaetsya regulyarnoe nablyudenie sil'nyh (100 m/s) vetrov v ekvatorial'noi oblasti.
Authors: M.E. McCulloch
Comments: 15 pages, 2 bw figures, accepted by MNRAS 19th December 2006
Avtor predlagaet svoyu model', ob'yasnyayushuyu anomal'noe uskorenie Pionerov. Model' svyazana s izlucheniem Unru, i trebuet nekotoryh dostatochno ekzoticheskih predpolozhenii, no, tem ne menee, na dannyi moment nichemu ne protivorechit. Sut' sostoit v tom, chto u uskorenno dvizhushegosya tela nemnogo menyaetsya massa (ta, chto svyazana s inerciei). Naprimer, u tela massoi 1 kg, padayushego na Zemle (uskorenie 9.8 metrov v sekundu za sekundu), massa umen'shitsya na 7 10-11 kg.
Authors: Sloane J. Wiktorowicz, Andrew P. Ingersoll
Comments: 31 pages, 11 figures, accepted for publication in Icarus
Rassmotrena vozmozhnost' nalichiya zhidkoi vody na Urane i Neptune.
Pokazano, chto na Neptune zhidkoi vody byt' ne dolzhno.
Authors: John D. Anderson, James K. Campbell, Michael Martin Nieto
Comments: 23 pages, 43 images combined into 13 figures
Ya propustil etu stat'yu, chitaya astro-ph, no, k schast'yu, ona poyavilas' v novostyah. Rabota v samom dele vazhnaya i interesnaya.
V nachale ob avtorah, chtoby ne bylo somnenii. Tochnee o pervom avtore. Po suti, eto chelovek, otkryvshii anomaliyu Pionerov. On rukovodil nebesno-mehanicheskimi raschetami v ryade proektov NASA, naprimer, Galileo. Tak chto vopros o kompetencii ne voznikaet.
Dalee. Avtory opisyvayut interesnyi nablyudatel'nyi effekt. Svyazan on s tem, chto pri gravitacionnyh manevrah, prizvannyh uvelichit' (v sluchae poletov k vneshnim planetami t.p.) ili umen'shit' (v sluchae poleta k vnutrennim planetam i drugim telam, dlya dostizheniya kotoryh nado "pritormozit'") kineticheskuyu energiyu apparata. Sam effekt horosho izvesten, on ispol'zovalsya dlya razgona Pionerov 10 i 11 i Voyadzherov, Galileo i drugih apparatov. Odnako, ne vse tak prosto. Konechno, my znachem, chto sputniki letyat kuda na do i t.p. Tem ne menee, est' ochen' malen'kii, no interesnyi effekt. Pri prolete planety apparaty poluchayut nebol'shuyu dopolnitel'nuyu energii v sravnenii s raschetnoi. Poslednee zamechanie chrezvychaino vazhno. Ne nado srazu kidat'sya delat' vyvody o tom, chto n'yutonovskaya gravitaciya dazhe blizko ne verna, i chto obnaruzhennyi effekt potryasaet vse osnovy. Vse-taki, vyvod sostoit lish' v tom, chto model', v ramkah kotoroi provodyatsya raschety, chto-to ne uchityvaet.
Sushestvenno, chto effekt est' dazhe dlya manervov apparatov okolo Zemli, prichem dazhe v sisteme koordinat, svyazannoi s Zemlei!
Avtory vidyat vozmozhnuyu svyaz' effekta s anomaliei v dvizhenii Pionerov (napomnyu, chto rech' idet o nalichii dopolnitel'nogo uskoreniya, napravlennogo primerno k Solncu). Delo v tom, chto anomaliya v dvizhenii Pionera-11 poyavilas' posle gravitacionnogo manevra okolo Saturna.
Povtoryus', chto effekt dostatochno mal, i veroyatno svyazan s nedouchetom chego-to v modeli. T.e. govorit' o "potryasanii svyashennyh korov" rano. Tem ne menee vidno, chto dazhe v horosho izvestnyh oblastyah (a nebesnaya mehanika k nim bezuslovno otnositsya) mozhno obnaruzhivat' ochen' interesnye effekty!
Authors: Steven Soter
Comments: 22 pages, 3 tables, 4 figures submitted to The Astronomical Journal
Ocherednaya popytka opredeleniya togo, skol'ko orehov sostavlyayut kuchu. Avtor svyazyvaet opredelenie planety s processom obrazovaniya.
Drugaya popytka nahoditsya v stat'e astro-ph/0608367. Tam avtory ishodyat iz togo, chto planeta dolzhna byt' v sostoyanii uderzhat' atmosferu (pri prenebrezhenii vneshnimi vozdeistviyami).
Authors: Gibor Basri, Michael E. Brown
Comments: 23 pages, Annual Reviews of Earth and Planetary Science, 2006, v. 34, pp. 193-216
Tret'yu popytku opredeleniya togo, chto takoe planeta, chitateli mogut naiti zdes': astro-ph/0608417. Otmechu, chto odin iz dvuh avtorov stat'i sam Maik Braun. Sovetuyu polazit' po ego stranice.
Avtory astro-ph/0608417 dostatochno polno i detal'no obsuzhdayut sut' problemy. Rassmatrivayutsya samye raznye podhody i problemy, svyazannye s opredeleniem ponyatiya planeta.
Authors: David Polishook, Noah Brosch
Comments: 5 pages, 2 figures, invited paper for NASA's "Near-Earth Object Detection, Characterization, and Threat Mitigation" workhop, Colorado, June 2006
NEAs - Near Earth Asteroids. Stat'ya posvyashena ocenke doli dvoinyh ob'ektov sredi nih. Dolya okazyvaetsya velika. Esli v pervyh stat'yah rech' shla lish' o 15 procentah, potom o 50, to seichas avtory pishut o 2/3. Hotya zamechu, chto vyvody avtorov osnovyvayutsya na nebol'shom chisle izuchennyh ob'ektov, chto, na moi vzglyad, delaet prezhdevremennymi vyvody o tochnoi doli dvoinyh asteroidov, prohodyashih vblizi Zemli.
Authors: Michael S. Kelley et al.
Comments: Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal 48 pages, 15 figures, 10 tables
Hotya kosmicheskii infrakrasnyi teleskop imeni Spitcera byl sozdan v pervuyu ochered' dlya izucheniya zvezdoobrazovaniya i kosmologicheskih issledovanii, ego primenyayut i dlya nablyudenii ob'ektov Solnechnoi sistemy, naprimer komet.
V stat'e privodyatsya dannye nablyudenii treh komet, dostatochno blizkih k Solncu (i Zemle) na moment nablyudeniya. Nikakih superkrasivyh kartinok net, zato est' dannye po chasticam v golovah komet i po ih yadram.
Authors: K. S. Noll, H. F. Levison, W. M. Grundy, D. C. Stephens
Comments: 20 pages, 4 figures, 1 table accepted for publication in Icarus
Po nablyudeniyam na Kosmicheskom teleskope otkryt kompan'on u odnogo iz kentavrov - ob'ekta (42355) 2002 CR46. Iz vos'mi ob'ektov, nablyudavshihsya na Habble, eto pervyi s kompan'onom.
Authors: M.E. Brown, E.L. Schaller, H.G. Roe, D.L. Rabinowitz, C.A. Trujillo
Comments: 9 pages
Pryamye izmereniya pokazali, chto uglovoi razmer ob'ekta 2003 UB313 sostavlyaet 34.3+/-1.4 millisekundy dugi. Na rasstoyanii poyasa Koipera eto sootvetstvuet 2400+/-100 km, t.e. vse-taki ob'ekt na 5 procentov bol'she Plutona! Uchityvaya neopredelennosti v rasstoyanii i t.p. mozhno sravnit' eto s pobedoi Prodi.
U ob'ekta ochen' bol'shoe al'bedo: 80-90%. T.e. on otrazhaet pochti ves' padayushii na nego svet. Eto mozhet byt' svyazano s tem, chto on pokryt metanovym l'dom, kotoryi postoyanno "podnovlyaetsya".
Authors: Matteo Carrera, Domenico Giulini
Comments: 37 pages, 2 figures
Rassmatrivaetsya vopros o tom, kak mozhet kosmologicheskoe rasshirenie vliyat' na dinamiku ob'ektov solnechnoi sisteme. Razumeetsya, effekt, dazhe esli on sushestvuet, ochen' mal. I, razumeetsya, nikakih nablyudenii v etom smysle net. Tem ne menee, stat'ya interesnaya. Mne, kak nekosmologu, zatrudnitel'no dat' kakie-to bolee detal'nye kommentarii. Hotelos' by uslyshat' ih ot sootvetstvuyushih specialistov.
Authors: Eric Gaidos, Franck Selsis
Comments: Protostars and Planets V Conference, Hawaii
Avtory rassmatrivayut processy vozniknoveniya i podderzhaniya zhizni na planetah. Stat'ya budet interesna vsem! Delo v tom, chto, po vsei vidimosti, obyvatel'skii vzglyad na proishozhdenie zhizni na Zemle neskol'ko otstal ot poslednih veyanii v etoi oblasti. Chitaite!
Authors: Franck Marchis et al.
Comments: 10 pages, 3 figures, 1 table; Nature, 439, 565-567, 2006
Dlya odnogo iz Troyancev, a imenno, dlya dvuh komponent dvoinogo asteroida po dannym 4 let nablyudenii udalos' opredelit' plotnost'. Ona okazalas' ochen' nizkoi - (0.8 g/sm3, t.e. 80 procentov ot plotnosti vody). Eto edinstvennaya para sredi Troyancev. Orbita pochti krugovaya s periodom chut' bolee 4 dnei. Vidimo, imela mesto evoblyuciya orbity, t.k. dlya mnogih drugih ob'ektov (naprimer, v poyase Koipera) nablyudayutsya sil'no vytyanutye orbity dvoinyh asteroidov. Polnaya massa sistemy dvuh asteroidom chut' bolee 1018 kg.
Stol' nizakaya plotnost' govorit o tom, chto asteroidy ili sostoyat preimushestvenno iz vodyanogo l'da, ili zhe ochen' poristye. Po mneniyu avtorov, eto ukazyvaet na to, chto oni obrazovalis' gde-to na okrainah solnechnoi sistemy, a potom byli zahvacheny na ih sovremennye orbity.
Izobrazheniya dvoinogo asteroida, poluchennye na 10-metrovom teleskope im. Keka. Asteroid neyarkii: zvezdaya velichina v vidimom diapazone poryadka 16. Izobrazheniya polucheny v raznyh fil'trah. Rasstoyaniya mezhdu asteroidami poryadka 640 km (uglovoe rasstoyanie 150 tysyachnyh sekund dugi).
Napomnyu, chto Troyancy - eto dve gruppy asteroidov (inogda ih delyat na "Grekov" i "Troyancev"), nahodyashiesya v osobyh tochkah. Ih rasstoyanie do Yupitera i do Solnca odinakovo. T.o. oni postoyanno nahodyatsya vblizi t.n. tochek Lagranzha (tochek Lagranzha neskol'ko, v dannom sluchae rech' idet o tochkah L4, L5), operezhaya (ili otstavaya) Yupiter na 60 gradusov.
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Authors: P. J. Francis
Comments: Accepted for publication in Astrophysical Journal. 22pages, 14 figures
Po dannym LINEAR (Lincoln Near-Earth Asteroid Research) postroeno raspredelenie dolgoperiodicheskih komet po rasstoyaniyu v perigelii i po absolyutnoi velichine. Osnovnoi vyvod raboty takov, chto oblako Oorta mozhet byt' sushestvenno men'she, chem ozhidalos', t.k. net sil'nogo rosta chisla komet v storonu bolee dalekih i bolee slabyh.
Authors: B. Scott Gaudi et al.
Comments: 7 pages, 3 figures, 2.5 tables, submitted to ApJL.
Poluchena ocenka perioda vrasheniya Sedny. Ocenka ochen' priblizitel'naya. Sostavlyaet ona okolo 10 chasov, chto nahoditsya v sootvetstvii s ozhidaemym.
Authors: David Eichler
Comments: To appear in Proceedings of "Critical Phenomena in the Solar System", Ein-Boqeq, March, 2004
Tradicionno pod opredeleniem fizika kosmosa (space physics) skryvaetsya fizika zemnoi magnitosfery, mezhplanetnoi sredy, vneshnih chastei Solnca i t.p. Avtor obsuzhdaet svyazi mezhdu etoi oblast'yu znanii i astrofizikoi. Rassmotreno tri osnovnyh punkta
Authors: Slava G. Turyshev, Michael Martin Nieto, John D. Anderson
Comments: 14 pages, 3 figures, 5 tables
Podrobneishee, no pri etom ponyatnoe i dostupnoe, izlozhenie suti "anomalii Pionerov". Privoditsya mnogo informacii po sputnikam i ih poletu. Osnovnoe: daetsya spisok vozmozhnyh reshenii anomalii i obsuzhdayutsya problemy kazhdogo iz predlozhennyh variantov resheniya zagadki. Takzhe, razumeetsya, privedeny ssylki na vse osnovnye raboty po etoi teme. Rekomenduem!
Authors: Tristan Guillot
Comments: 43 pages, 11 figures, 3 tables. To appear in Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences, vol 33, (2005)
Bol'shoi obzor, posvyashennyi kak planetam-gigantam v solnechnoi sisteme, tak i ekzoplanetam. Obsuzhdayutsya razlichiya mezhdu nimi. Tak, planety v solnechnoi sisteme obogasheny tyazhelymi elementami po-sravneniyu s Solncem, pri etom stepen' obogashennosti rastet s udaleniem ot Solnca. V tom vremya kak ekzoplanety, kotorye, kak pokazyvayut sovremennye dannye, hotya i sostoyat v osnovnom iz vodoroda i geliya kak i "nashi" giganty, tem ne menee imeyut bol'shoi razbros v soderzhanii bolee tyazhelyh elementov.
Authors: Hong-Jin Yang et al.
Comments: 29 pages, 7 figures. To appear in Icarus
Avtory ispol'zovali tri sbornika koreiskih letopisei, pokryvayushih periody 57 g. do n.e.- 935 g. n.e., 918 - 1392 i 1392-1910. Obnaruzheny dannye o 3861 meteore i 31 dozhdyah. Dannye sravnivayutsya s zapisyami v kitaiskih i yaponskih letopisyah. Odnim iz interesnyh rezul'tatov yavlyaetsya obnaruzhenie umen'sheniya aktivnosti Perseid na ochen' bol'shom promezhutke vremeni.
Authors: Scott J. Kenyon, Benjamin C. Bromley
Comments: Nature, Vol. 432, p. 598, 2004
Vse slyshali ili chitali ob otkrytii Sedny. Avtory stat'i polagayut, chto otkrytie stol' nestandartnyh ob'ektov nalagaet vazhnye ogranicheniya na teorii formirovaniya Solnechnoi sistemy. Oni polagayut, chto vzaimodeistvie s blizkoi zvezdoi moglo vykinut' Sednu iz poyasa Koipera, perevedya ee na bolee vysokuyu i ekscentrichnuyu orbitu.
Authors: B.C. Thomas, et al.
Comments: 7 pages, 1 figure
Avtory postroili model', opisyvayushuyu processy vozniknoveniya i razrusheniya ozona (O3) v pervichnoi atmosfere Zemli, sostoyavshei v osnovnom iz NO2 i SO2. Ozon voznikal pod deistviem vneshnego ul'tafioletovogo izlucheniya, a razrushalsya v hode himicheskih reakcii.
Poluchennye rezul'taty vazhny kak dlya ponimaniya rannei geologicheskoi istorii Zemli, tak i dlya izucheniya processov v atmosferah ekzoplanet.
Authors: M. Jura
Comments: 6 pages, 1 figure, accepted by ApJ
Nalichie komet vokrug G-zvezd glavnoi posledovatel'nosti mozhet byt' obnaruzheno po (dostatochno redkomu) poyavleniyu linii poglosheniya OH vblizi 3100A v spektre zvezdy. Veroyatnost' etogo sobytiya dostatochno mala (~3x10-8, chto sootvetstvuet poyavleniyu aktivnoi komety podobnoi komete Heila-Boppa). V molodyh zvezdnyh sistemah, gorazdo bolee bogatyh kometami, eta veroyatnost' mozhet byt' sushestvenno vyshe i dostigat' 1%.
Authors: P. Duggan et al.
Comments: 8 pages, 10 figures. Proceedings of the 5th INTEGRAL Workshop, Munich 16-20 February 2004. High resolution figures available at http://bermuda.ucd.ie/%7Esmcbreen/papers/duggan_01.pdf
Avtory uvyazyvayut vmeste rezul'taty laboratornyh eksperimentov, gamma-vspleski i problemy proishozhdeniya planet i malyh tel v planetnyh sistemah.
Eksperimenty s puchkami zhestkogo izlucheniya (ustanovka ESRF - European Synchrotron Radiation Facility) pokazali interesnye rezul'taty. Pri bystrom nagreve i posleduyushem ohlazhdenii obrazca voznikali struktury tipa hondr (chondrules). Avtory polagayut, chto podobnyi potok zhestkogo izlucheniya mozhet sozdavat'sya gamma-vspleskom na rasstoyanii do 300 svetovyh let. Oni polagayut, chto gamma-vspleski mogut byt' sushestvennym faktorom v formirovanii planetnyh sistem.
Authors: Scott S. Sheppard, David Jewitt, Jan Kleyna
Comments: 22 pages, 10 figures, 3 Tables, appear in AJ
Na 8-metrovom infrakrasnom teleskope Subaru byl proizveden poisk malyh neregulyarnyh sputnikov Urana. Soglasno programme byla prosmotrena sfera Hilla Urana (oblast' ego gravitacionnogo vliyaniya, maksimal'noe rasstoyanie na kotorom Uran mozhet uderzhivat' svoi sputniki), vidimaya ploshad' kotoroi (s Zemli) sostavlyaet 3.5 kvadratnyh gradusa. Na urovne ne menee 50% veroyatnosti obnaruzheniya fiksirovalis' vse ob'ekty yarche 26.1 zvezdnoi velichiny. Eto sootvetstvuet ob'ektam radiusov bolee 7 km (v predpolozhenii al'bedo 0.04). Vse ranee izvestnye sputniki v dannom obzore takzhe byli zafiksirovany (bez ispol'zovaniya informacii ob ih polozheniyah). V rezul'tate byli obnaruzheny dva novyh neregulyarnyh sputnika Urana (S/2001 U2 i S/2003 U3). Odin iz etih sputnikov (S/2003 U3) - pervyi neregulyarnyi sputnik s progradnym dvizheniem (v storonu protivopolozhnuyu vrasheniyu planety).
Authors: Saibal Mitra
Comments: 11 pages
Uran goryachee, chem dolzhen byt'. Istochnik etogo nagreva neizvesten. Esli predpolozhit', chto on vyzyvaetsya annigillyaciei (vnutri Urana) chastic temnoi materii, to poluchitsya nizhnee ogranichenie na sechenie vzaimodeistviya temnoi i obychnoi materii.
Authors: Giovanna Tinetti uet al.
Comments: 40 pages, 20 figures, submitted to Astrobiology
Srednii spektr Marsa ot blizkogo IK do blizkogo zhe ul'trafioleta, dlya raznyh uglov naklona poverhnosti rasschitan gruppoi amerikanskih issledovatelei. On budet sluzhit' opornym spektrom dlya vseh orbital'nyh (obrashayushihsya vokrug Marsa) spektral'nyh priborov. V stat'e 20 kartinok.
Authors: M.E. Beer et al.
Comments: 6 pages, 3 figures, MNRAS accepted
Avtory obsuzhdayut unikal'nost' nashei Solnechnoi sistemy. Rech' idet o kolichestvennoi harakteristike togo fakta, chto vse izvestnye ekzoplanetnye sistemy sovsem ne pohozhi na nashu. Avtory prihodyat k vyvodu, chto primenenie modelei obrazovaniya nashei sistemy k ekzoplanetam (i naoborot) mozhet ne dat' nikakih polozhitel'nyh rezul'tatov v svyazi s sushestvennym razlichiem parametrov sistem.
Rekomenduem prochest' etu korotkuyu stat'yu.
Authors: P.C.Frisch
Comments: 8 pages, 3 figures
Eta rabota, kak nazval ee avtor, "kombinirovannoe issledovanie" geliosfery (do 500AE) i blizhaishih mezhzvezdnyh okrestnostei (do 106AE) [Hotya, kak takoe mozhno skombinirovat'? Masshtaby razlichayutsya na 3 poryadka]. Dinamika oblakov podtverzhdaet sushestvovanie sverhobolochki (supershell) vokrug associacii Skorpiona-Centavra. Solnce voshlo v eto skoplenie mezhzvezdnyh oblakov uzhe posle ego obrazovaniya.
Shema Solnechnoi okrestnosti po Frichu
Authors: G. Branduardi-Raymont et al.
Comments: 7 pages, 9 figures; to be published in Astronomy & Astrophysics
Polucheny pervye izobrazheniya Yupitera na sputnike XMM-Newton.
Rentgenovskoe (avroral'noe) izluchenie Yupitera bylo otkryto eshe v 80-e gg. na observatorii Einshtein. Zatem v 90-e Yupiter aktivno izuchalsya s borta sputnika ROSAT. Sovsem nedavno byli provedeny nablyudeniya Yupitera na Chandre.
Na verhnem risunke dano summarnoe izobrazhenie, sozdannoe putem slozheniya signala ot priborov EPIC-pn, MOS1, MOS2.
Na nizhnem risunke privedeno sglazhennoe izobrazhenie, poluchennoe priborom EPIC-pn (European Photon Imaging Camera-PN). Krasnyi cvet sootvetstvuet bolee myagkim rentgenovskim lucham (0.2-0.5 keV), sinie - bolee zhestkim (0.7-2 keV). Vidno, chto izluchenie ot ekvatorial'noi oblasti zhestche. Svoistva etogo izlucheniya okazalis' blizki k svoistvam rentgena iz ekvatorial'noi zony Saturna. A vot izluchenie ot polyusov u dvuh gigantov razlichno.
Authors: Edward Belbruno, J. Richard Gott III
Comments: 74 pages, 28 figures, submitted to AJ
Avtory rassmatrivayut odin aspekt standartnoi modeli obrazovaniya Luny. Napomnim, chto standartnaya model' predpolagaet, chto na nekotoroi rannei stadii formirovaniya Zemlya stolknulas' s drugim primerno stol' zhe massivnym (0.1 massy Zemli) telom. V etoi stat'e detal'no izuchaetsya vopros: otkuda vzyalsya takoi ob'ekt.
Na risunke R1 - Solnce, R2 - Zemlya.
Massivnoe telo, stolknovenie s kotorym vyzvalo poyavlenie Luny, moglo rasti,
po mneniyu avtorov, v lagranzhevyh tochkah L4 i L5.
Zatem gravitacionnoe vzaimodeistvie s kakim-to inym massivnym telom (togda
ih bylo mnogo) vybrosilo ob'ekt iz tochki L4 ili L5, i on poletel v Zemle...
Na samom dele poletel on konechno ne pryamo "k nam v gosti". Orbita poluchaetsya
haoticheskoi, no veroyatnost' stolknoveniya s Zemlei okazyvaetsya dostatochno
vysoka.
Authors: M.E.Brown, C.Trujillo, D.Rabinowitz
Comments: 13 pages, 2 figures (9 photo)
Rech' idet o maloi planete 2003 VB12, kotoruyu nazvali Sednoi. O nei uzhe mnogo pisalos' i govorilos'. Eto ob'ekt, dvizhushiisya po orbite s bol'shoi poluos'yu ravnoi 480+/-40 AE. V perigelii Sedna priblizhaetsya k Solncu na 76+/-4 AE.
V stat'e malo illyustracii (gorazdo bol'she vy naidete po privedennym vyshe giperssylkam), no zato vpervye podrobno opisano, kakim obrazom ob'ekt byl otkryt. Oficial'naya versiya dannoi stat'i poyavitsya v "Astrophysical Joutnal Letters" tol'ko 10 avgusta.
Authors: Lori M. Feaga et al.
Comments: 23 pages, 5 figures, accepted in ApJ
Po nablyudeniyam s Habblovskogo kosmicheskogo teleskopa (s pomosh'yu spektrometra vysokogo razresheniya GHRS), provodivshimsya v 1994-96 gg. (arhivnye dannye), v atmosfere sputnika Yupitera Io obnaruzhen atomarnyi hlor (odnovremenno s kislorodom i okislami sery). Hlor zaregistrirovan po liniyam Cl I 1349A (razreshennaya) i Cl I] 1386A (zapreshennaya), prevyshayushih uroven' shumov v 6-10 raz. Zaregistrirovannaya koncentraciya atomov hlora primerno v 50 raz nizhe, chem atomov kisloroda.
Authors: Peter Goldreich, Yoram Lithwick, Re'em Sari
Comments: 10 pages, 0 figures
Avtory pytayutsya otvetit' na tri voprosa pro Solnechnuyu sistemu:
- Chto opredelilo chislo planet v nei?
- Pochemu ih orbity pochti krugovye i lezhat v odnoi ploskosti?
- Kak dolgo formirovalas' eta struktura?
Authors: Denis Denissenko
Comments: 6 pages, submitted to Astronomy Letters
Stat'ya napryamuyu svyazana s povysheniem v poslednee vremya interesa k samym bol'shim ob'ektam poyasa Koipera (ili transneptunovym ob'ektam = TNO). Dlya 17 samyh krupnyh ob'ektov, vklyuchaya 2004 DW, i 4 izvestnyh dvoinyh transneptunovyh asteroidov rasschitany pokrytiya zvezd do 15m iz katalogov Hipparcos (Tycho2) i UCAC2 v blizhaishee desyatiletie. V spiske 64 sobytiya. Naibolee interesnoe iz nih - pokrytie zvezd 6.5m dvoinym asteroidom 1999 RZ253, kotoroe proizoidet 4 oktyabrya 2007 goda.
Authors: K. Mori et al.
Comments: 14 pages, 5 figures, accepted in ApJ
Dlya izmereniya protyazhennosti atmosfery Titana (sputnika Saturna) byla primenena neobychnaya procedura. 5 yanvarya 2003 goda Titan pokryval Krabovidnuyu Tumannost'. Tumannost' vo vremya etogo sobytiya nablyudalas' s borta sputnika Chandra. Pri prohozhdenii Titana registrirovalas' "ten' pokrytiya", kotoraya obnaruzhivalas' do rasstoyanii 880+/-60 km ot poverhnosti sputnika. Eto pervoe izmerenie, kotoroe soglasuetsya s bol'shoi protyazhennost'yu atmosfery Titana, zaregistrirovannoi Voyadzherom (na drugih dlinah voln).
Prohozhdenie Titana po Krabovidnoi Tumannosti.
Krasnyi uchastok nablyudalsya na Chandra.
Authors: Yoko Funato et al.
Comments: 12pages, 4 figures
Neskol'ko procentov ob'ektov v poyase Koipera yavlyayutsya dvoinymi.
Oni obladayut sleduyushimi svoistvami:
massy kompan'onov dvoinoi primerno ravny,
orbity dvoinyh sil'no ekscentrichny,
orbity shirokie (v 100 i bolee raz prevoshodyat radius kompan'onov).
Sushestvuyut problemy s ob'yasneniem etih svoistv, poskol'ku pri neposredstvennom obrazovanii dvoinyh asteroidov dolzhny byli voznikat' gorazdo bolee tesnye sistemy s pochti krugovymi orbitami. Avtory predlagayut svoyu model', v kotoroi dvoinye formiruyutsya na rannei stadii rosta transneptunovyh ob'ektov za schet gravitacionnoi neustoichivosti v pylevom protoplanetnom sloe.
Authors: Margaret Pan, Re'em Sari (Caltech)
Comments: 11 pages, 2 figures; submitted to Icarus
Samye krupnye tela transneptunovogo poyasa Koipera (kotorye my tol'ko i mozhem segodnya nablyudat') imeyut stepennoe raspredelenie po razmeram. Odnako poslednie nablyudeniya ukazyvayut, chto etot spektr imeet izlom i stanovitsya kruche dlya ob'ektov s razmerami men'she primerno 70 km. Dlya ob'yasneniya takogo izloma avtory predlagayut model' posledovatel'nogo drobleniya pri stolknoveniyah, kotoruyu luchshe vsego illyustriruet privedennyi nizhe risunok.
V rezul'tate chego v spektre razmerov poluchayutsya dva stepennyh uchastka, razdelennyh izlomom, polozhenie kotorogo menyaetsya so vremenem.
Tri stat'i gruppy amerikanskih avtorov. Pervaya posvyashena asteroidam,
vtoraya - protoplanetam, tret'ya - iskusstvennym sputnikam Zemli.
Authors: R. C. Nazzario, T. W. Hyde
Comments: 2 pages, Lunar and Planetary Science XXXIII (2002)
Authors: Bruce D. Lindsay, Truell W. Hyde
Comments: 2 pages, Lunar and Planetary Science XXXIII (2002)
Authors: Jorge Carmona et al.
Comments: 2 pages, Lunar and Planetary Science XXXV
Authors: Sean N. Raymond et al.
Comments: Accepted by AJ -- 12 pages, 11 figures
Srazu ogovorimsya, predstavlyaemaya rabota - eto polnomasshtabnaya original'naya stat'ya, prinyataya v naibolee chitaemyi astronomami-nablyudatelyami zhurnal.
Vse znayut o vazhnyh dostizheniyah, poluchennyh v ramkah Sloanovskogo cifrovogo obzora neba. Takzhe my neodnokratno pisale o ryade vazhnyh "pobochnyh" rezul'tatov. Odnako, my nikogda ne pisali (da i ne chitali) ob interesnyh predlozheniyah po ispol'zovaniyu unikal'noi apparatury sozdannoi special'no dlya obzora (2.5-metrovyi teleskop i sistema CCD-kamer).
Avtory predlagayut ispol'zovat' unikal'nuyu sistemu dlya poiska okolozemnyh ob'ektov. Rech' idet vpervuyu ochered' o potencial'no opasnyh ob'ektah s razmerami okolo 1 km. Krome togo, takoe primenenie teleskopa privelo by k obnaruzheniyu mnozhestva drugih malyh tel v Solnechnoi sisteme, chto takzhe predstavlyaet bol'shoi interes (vozmozhno, bolee nauchnyi, chem prakticheskii, hotya, kto znaet?).
Authors: J.-U. Ness et al.
Comments: 10 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
Po dannym nablyudenii na sputnike Chandra udalos' poluchit' "izobrazhenie" Saturna v rentgenovskom diapazone. Slovo "izobrazhenie" my vzyali v kavychki, t.k. nesmotrya na dlinnuyu (bolee 18 chasov) ekspoziciyu udalos' zaregistrirovat' vsego lish' 162 fotona v napravlenii diska Saturna, a esli eshe uchest' fon .... Svetimost' poluchaetsya ravnoi vsego lish' 8.7 1014 erg v sekundu.
Esli nalozhit' rentgenovskie otschety na opticheskoe izobrazhenie Saturna, to my uvidim, chto rentgen idet v osnovnom ot ekvatorial'nyh oblastei.
Otkuda zhe beretsya etot rentgen? Naibolee logichnoe ob'yasnenie svyazano s otrazheniem (rasseyaniem) solnechnogo rentgenovskogo izlucheniya. Odnako eto trebuet lostatochno vysokogo al'bedo. T.o., pishut avtory, vopros ostaetsya do nekotoroi stepeni otkrytym. Vozmozhno, vazhny kakie-to vnutrennie processy...
Smotrite ob etoi rabote otdel'nuyu (yubileinuyu!!!) ANKU.
Authors: Pedro Lacerda, Jane Luu
Comments: Lacerda, P. and Luu, J. Icarus 161, 174 180, 2003.
Ob'ekty poyasa Koipera mel'che, chem planety (hotya i krupnee bol'shinstva asteroidov). Ih sobstvennogo tyagoteniya nedostatochno, chtoby pridat' im sfericheskuyu formu, sledovatel'no, u bol'shei ih chasti ona dolzhna byt' nepravil'noi. Pri vrashenii blesk takih tel dolzhen menyat'sya. Esli etogo ne nablyudaetsya (a telya poyasa Koipera m postoyannym bleskom uzhe izvestny), to eto oznachaet odno iz dvuh: libo iz forma blika k sfericheskoi, libo os' vrasheniya napravlena pryamo ne nas. K sozhaleniyu, imeyushihsya na segodnya nablyudatel'nyh dannyh slishkom malo, chtoby delat' kakie-libo obosnovannye vyvody.
(Arhiv Solnechnaya sistema: v.2, 2003,
v.1, 2002-2003)
Publikacii s klyuchevymi slovami:
astrofizika - obzory - astro-ph
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