Hronika osvoeniya kosmosa: 1958 god.
7.01.2001 1:07 | A. B. Zheleznyakov/Enciklopediya Kosmonavtika
| Prekratil svoe sushestvovanie, voidya v plotnye sloi atmosfery, Pervyi sovetskii ISZ (00002 / 1957 Al'fa 2). | |
| 10.01.1958 | S Vostochnogo ispytatel'nogo poligona (kosmodrom Cape Canaveral), startovaya poziciya LC12, osushestvlen ocherednoi ispytatel'nyi pusk mezhkontinental'noi ballisticheskoi rakety Atlas-A. Iz-za avarii sistemy upravleniya poletom pusk zakonchilsya neudachei. |
| 30.01.1958 | S kosmodroma Baikonur osushestvlen ocherednoi ispytatel'nyi pusk ballisticheskoi rakety "R-7" M1-11. Raketa dostavila golovnuyu chast' v raion poligona na poluostrove Kamchatka, odnako, ne proizoshlo razdelenie golovnoi chasti i rakety i oni vmeste dostigli poverhnosti Zemli. |
| 01.02.1958 |
V 02:48 UTC s kosmodroma Cape Canaveral, startovyi kompleks 26A,
osushestvlen pusk rakety-nositelya "Jupiter-C", kotoraya vyvela na okolozemnuyu
orbitu sputnik "Explorer-1" (00004 / 1958 Al'fa1). KA vyveden na orbitu s
parametrami: naklonenie orbity - 33,2 gradusa; period obrasheniya - 114,8 minut;
minimal'noe rasstoyanie ot poverhnosti Zemli (v perigee) - 356 kilometrov;
maksimal'noe rasstoyanie ot poverhnosti Zemli (v apogee) - 2548 kilometrov. Pervyi zapusk iskusstvennogo sputnika Zemli v SShA. |
| 05.02.1958 |
V 07:33 UTC s kosmodroma Cape Canaveral, startovyi kompleks 18A,
osushestvlen pusk rakety-nositelya "Vanguard", kotoraya dolzhna byla vyvesti na
okolozemnuyu orbitu sputnik "Vanguard-1B". Raketa-nositel' vzorvalas' na 57-i sekunde poleta. |
| 07.02.1958 | S Vostochnogo ispytatel'nogo poligona (kosmodrom Cape Canaveral), startovaya poziciya LC14, osushestvlen ocherednoi ispytatel'nyi pusk mezhkontinental'noi ballisticheskoi rakety Atlas-A. Iz-za avarii sistemy upravleniya poletom pusk zakonchilsya neudachei. |
| 05.03.1958 |
V 18:27 UTC s kosmodroma Cape Canaveral, startovyi kompleks 26A,
osushestvlen pusk rakety-nositelya "Jupiter-C", kotoraya dolzhna byla vyvesti na
okolozemnuyu orbitu sputnik "Explorer-2". Iz-za avarii rakety-nositelya sputnik uteryan. |
| 12.03.1958 | S kosmodroma Baikonur predprinyata popytka puska ballisticheskoi rakety "R-7" M1-6. Kak i v 1957 godu dannyi ekzemplyar rakety ne ushel so starta i byl snyat so startovoi pozicii. |
| 17.03.1958 | V 12:15 UTC s kosmodroma Cape Canaveral, startovyi kompleks 18A, osushestvlen pusk rakety-nositelya "Vanguard", kotoraya vyvela na okolozemnuyu orbitu tehnologicheskii sputnik "Vanguard-1 [Grapefruit"] (00005 / 1958 Beta2). KA vyveden na orbitu s parametrami: naklonenie orbity - 34,25 gradusa; period obrasheniya - 134,18 minut; minimal'noe rasstoyanie ot poverhnosti Zemli (v perigee) - 650 kilometrov; maksimal'noe rasstoyanie ot poverhnosti Zemli (v apogee) - 3968 kilometrov. |
| 26.03.1958 |
V 17:38 UTC s kosmodroma Cape Canaveral, startovyi kompleks 26A,
osushestvlen pusk rakety-nositelya "Jupiter-C", kotoraya vyvela na okolozemnuyu
orbitu sputnik "Explorer-3" (00006 / 1958 Gamma1). KA vyveden na orbitu s
parametrami: naklonenie orbity - 33,38 gradusa; period obrasheniya - 115,7 minut;
minimal'noe rasstoyanie ot poverhnosti Zemli (v perigee) - 186 kilometrov;
maksimal'noe rasstoyanie ot poverhnosti Zemli (v apogee) - 2799 kilometrov. "Explorer-3" - nauchnyi sputnik dlya issledovanii magnitosfery Zemli. |
| 29.03.1958 | S kosmodroma Baikonur osushestvlen ocherednoi ispytatel'nyi pusk ballisticheskoi rakety "R-7" M1-10. Pusk v celom proshel udachno i golovnaya chast' rakety dostigla poverhnosti Zemli v raione poligona na poluostrove Kamchatka. |
| 04.04.1958 | S kosmodroma Baikonur osushestvlen ocherednoi ispytatel'nyi pusk ballisticheskoi rakety "R-7" M1-12. Golovnaya chast' rakety dostigla poverhnosti Zemli v raione poligona na poluostrove Kamchatka. |
| 05.04.1958 | S Vostochnogo ispytatel'nogo poligona (kosmodrom Cape Canaveral), startovaya poziciya LC14, osushestvlen ocherednoi ispytatel'nyi pusk mezhkontinental'noi ballisticheskoi rakety Atlas-A. Pusk zakonchilsya neudachei. |
| 24.04.1958 |
S kosmodroma Cape Canaveral osushestvlen ispytatel'nyi pusk rakety-
nositelya "Thor Able" s tehnologicheskoi poleznoi nagruzkoi ARTV-1
(1958 0424FS) po ballisticheskoi traektorii. Avariya rakety-nositelya na 146-i sekunde poleta. |
| 27.04.1958 |
S kosmodroma Baikonur, startovyi kompleks 1, osushestvlen pusk rakety-
nositelya "R-7", kotoraya dolzhna byla vyvesti na okolozemnuyu orbitu nauchnyi
sputnik tipa "Ob'ekt-D" (1958 0401F). V rezul'tate avarii rakety-nositelya sputnik uteryan. |
| 28.04.1958 |
V 02:53 UTC s kosmodroma Cape Canaveral, startovyi kompleks 18A,
osushestvlen pusk rakety-nositelya "Vanguard", kotoraya dolzhna byla vyvesti na
okolozemnuyu orbitu sputnik "Vanguard-2A" (1958 0428F). Avariya tret'ei stupeni rakety-nositelya. |
| 15.05.1958 |
V 08:00 ? UTC s kosmodroma Baikonur, startovyi kompleks 1, osushestvlen
pusk rakety-nositelya "Sputnik 8A91", kotoraya vyvela na okolozemnuyu orbitu
Tretii sovetskii ISZ (00008 / 1958 Del'ta2). KA vyveden na orbitu s
parametrami: naklonenie orbity - 65,2 gradusa; period obrasheniya - 105,95 minuty;
minimal'noe rasstoyanie ot poverhnosti Zemli (v perigee) - 226 kilometrov;
maksimal'noe rasstoyanie ot poverhnosti Zemli (v apogee) - 1881 kilometr. Pervyi v mire sputnik dlya provedeniya nauchnyh issledovanii. |
| 24.05.1958 | S kosmodroma Baikonur osushestvlen ocherednoi ispytatel'nyi pusk ballisticheskoi rakety "R-7" (voennyi variant). Golovnaya chast' rakety dostigla poverhnosti Zemli v raione poligona na poluostrove Kamchatka. |
| 27.05.1958 |
V 3:46 UTC s kosmodroma Cape Canaveral, startovyi kompleks 18A,
osushestvlen pusk rakety-nositelya "Vanguard", kotoraya dolzhna byla vyvesti na
okolozemnuyu orbitu sputnik "Vanguard-2B" (1958 0527F). Avariya tret'ei stupeni rakety-nositelya. |
| 03.06.1958 | S Vostochnogo ispytatel'nogo poligona (kosmodrom Cape Canaveral), startovaya poziciya LC12, osushestvlen ocherednoi ispytatel'nyi pusk mezhkontinental'noi ballisticheskoi rakety Atlas-A. Pusk proshel uspeshno. |
| 26.06.1958 |
V 5:01 UTC s kosmodroma Cape Canaveral, startovyi kompleks 18A,
osushestvlen pusk rakety-nositelya "Vanguard", kotoraya dolzhna byla vyvesti na
okolozemnuyu orbitu sputnik "Vanguard-2C" (1958 0626F). Avariya vtoroi stupeni rakety-nositelya. |
| 28.06.1958 | Prekratil sushestvovanie, voidya v plotnye sloi atmosfery, sputnik Explorer-3. |
| 10.07.1958 | S kosmodroma Cape Canaveral osushestvlen ispytatel'nyi pusk rakety- nositelya "Thor Able" po ballisticheskoi traektorii s tehnologicheskoi poleznoi nagruzkoi ARTV-2 (1958 0710S). |
| 19.07.1958 | S Vostochnogo ispytatel'nogo poligona (kosmodrom Cape Canaveral), startovaya poziciya LC11, osushestvlen pervyi ispytatel'nyi pusk mezhkontinental'noi ballisticheskoi rakety Atlas-B. Iz-za avarii sistemy upravleniya poletom pusk zakonchilsya neudachei. |
| 23.07.1958 | S kosmodroma Cape Canaveral osushestvlen ispytatel'nyi pusk rakety- nositelya "Thor Able" po ballisticheskoi traektorii s tehnologicheskoi poleznoi nagruzkoi ARTV-3 (1958 0723S). |
| 25.07.1958 | S borta palubnogo istrebitelya F4D Skyray, vzletevshego s aerodroma Inyokern i nahodivshegosya nad Tihim okeanom, proizveden pusk rakety NOTSNIC, kotoraya dolzhna byla vyvesti v kosmos poleznuyu nagruzku "Pilot-1". Pusk zakonchilsya neudachei. Tem ne menee rukovoditel' programmy John NIKOLAIDES v posleduyushie gody neodnokratno zayavlyal, chto mikrosputnik vyshel na orbitu, hotya vozmozhno, i na nezaplanirovannuyu. |
| 26.07.1958 |
V 15:00 UTC s kosmodroma Cape Canaveral, startovyi kompleks 5 osushestvlen
pusk rakety-nositelya "Jupiter-C", kotoraya vyvela na okolozemnuyu orbitu
sputnik "Explorer-4" (00009 / 1958 Epsilon1). KA vyveden na orbitu s
parametrami: naklonenie orbity - 50,3 grad.; period obrasheniya - 110,18 min.;
minimal'noe rasstoyanie ot poverhnosti Zemli (v perigee) - 263 km; maksimal'noe
rasstoyanie ot poverhnosti Zemli (v apogee) - 2213 km. "Explorer-4" - sputnik dlya issledovanii magnitosfery Zemli. |
| 02.08.1958 | S Vostochnogo ispytatel'nogo poligona (kosmodrom Cape Canaveral), startovaya poziciya LC13, osushestvlen ocherednoi ispytatel'nyi pusk mezhkontinental'noi ballisticheskoi rakety Atlas-B. Pusk proshel uspeshno. |
| 12.08.1958 | S borta palubnogo istrebitelya F4D Skyray, vzletevshego s aerodroma Inyokern i nahodivshegosya nad Tihim okeanom, proizveden pusk rakety NOTSNIC, kotoraya dolzhna byla vyvesti v kosmos poleznuyu nagruzku "Pilot-2". Pusk zakonchilsya neudachei. |
| 17.08.1958 |
V 12:18 UTC s kosmodroma Cape Canaveral, startovyi kompleks 17A,
osushestvlen pusk rakety-nositelya "Thor Able-1", kotoraya dolzhna byla vyvesti
na traektoriyu poleta k Lune AMS "Pioneer-1A" (1958 0817F). Avariya rakety-nositelya na 17-i sekunde poleta. |
| 22.08.1958 | S borta palubnogo istrebitelya F4D Skyray, vzletevshego s aerodroma Inyokern i nahodivshegosya nad Tihim okeanom, proizveden pusk rakety NOTSNIC, kotoraya dolzhna byla vyvesti v kosmos poleznuyu nagruzku "Pilot-3". Pusk zakonchilsya neudachei. |
| 24.08.1958 | V 06:17 UTC s kosmodroma Cape Canaveral, startovyi kompleks 5, osushestvlen pusk rakety-nositelya "Jupiter-C", kotoraya dolzhna byla vyvesti na okolozemnuyu orbitu sputnik "Explorer-5" (1958 0824F). |
| 25.08.1958 | S borta palubnogo istrebitelya F4D Skyray, vzletevshego s aerodroma Inyokern i nahodivshegosya nad Tihim okeanom, proizveden pusk rakety NOTSNIC, kotoraya dolzhna byla vyvesti v kosmos poleznuyu nagruzku "Pilot-4". Pusk zakonchilsya neudachei. |
| 26.08.1958 | S borta palubnogo istrebitelya F4D Skyray, vzletevshego s aerodroma Inyokern i nahodivshegosya nad Tihim okeanom, proizveden pusk rakety NOTSNIC, kotoraya dolzhna byla vyvesti v kosmos poleznuyu nagruzku "Pilot-5". Pusk zakonchilsya neudachei. |
| 28.08.1958 | S borta palubnogo istrebitelya F4D Skyray, vzletevshego s aerodroma Inyokern i nahodivshegosya nad Tihim okeanom, proizveden pusk rakety NOTSNIC, kotoraya dolzhna byla vyvesti v kosmos poleznuyu nagruzku "Pilot-6". Pusk zakonchilsya neudachei. |
| 28.08.1958 | S Vostochnogo ispytatel'nogo poligona (kosmodrom Cape Canaveral), startovaya poziciya LC11, osushestvlen ocherednoi ispytatel'nyi pusk mezhkontinental'noi ballisticheskoi rakety Atlas-B. Pusk proshel uspeshno. |
| 14.09.1958 | S Vostochnogo ispytatel'nogo poligona (kosmodrom Cape Canaveral), startovaya poziciya LC14, osushestvlen ocherednoi ispytatel'nyi pusk mezhkontinental'noi ballisticheskoi rakety Atlas-B. Pusk proshel uspeshno. |
| 18.09.1958 | S Vostochnogo ispytatel'nogo poligona (kosmodrom Cape Canaveral), startovaya poziciya LC13, osushestvlen ocherednoi ispytatel'nyi pusk mezhkontinental'noi ballisticheskoi rakety Atlas-B. Pusk zakonchilsya neudachei. |
| 23.09.1958 |
S kosmodroma Baikonur, startovyi kompleks 1, osushestvlen pusk rakety-
nositelya "Vostok-L 8K72", kotoraya dolzhna byla vyvesti na traektoriyu poleta
k Lune avtomaticheskuyu mezhplanetnuyu stanciyu "Luna-1A" (1958 0923F). Pervaya v SSSR popytka puska avtomaticheskoi stancii v storonu Luny. Predpolagalos' dostizhenie stanciei poverhnosti Luny. Iz-za avarii rakety-nositelya AMS "Luna-1A" uteryana. |
| 26.09.1958 |
V 15:38 UTC s kosmodroma Cape Canaveral, startovyi kompleks 18A
osushestvlen pusk rakety-nositelya "Vanguard", kotoraya dolzhna byla vyvesti na
okolozemnuyu orbitu sputnik "Vanguard-2D" (1958 0926F). Avariya vtoroi stupeni rakety-nositelya. |
| 11.10.1958 |
V 08:42 UTC s kosmodroma Cape Canaveral, startovyi kompleks 17A,
osushestvlen pusk rakety-nositelya "Thor Able-1", kotoraya vyvela v kosmos
avtomaticheskuyu mezhplanetnuyu stanciyu "Pioneer-1V" (00110 / 1958 Eta1). Byl proizveden pusk avtomaticheskoi stancii v storonu Luny. Raketa-nositel' "Thor Able-1" soobshila stancii skorost' menee raschetnoi, v rezul'tate chego stanciya udalilas' ot poverhnosti Zemli na rasstoyanie 114600 kilometrov, a zatem, pod deistviem prityazheniya Zemli, nachala obratnoe dvizhenie. |
| 11.10.1958 |
S kosmodroma Baikonur, startovyi kompleks 1, osushestvlen pusk rakety-
nositelya "Vostok-L 8K72", kotoraya dolzhna byla vyvesti na traektoriyu poleta
k Lune avtomaticheskuyu mezhplanetnuyu stanciyu "Luna-1V" (1958 1012F). Predpolagalos' dostizhenie stanciei poverhnosti Luny. Iz-za avarii rakety-nositelya "Vostok-L" AMS uteryana. |
| 13.10.1958 | V akvatorii Tihogo okeana proizoshlo padenie avtomaticheskoi stancii "Pioneer-1B". |
| 22.10.1958 |
V 03:22 UTC s kosmodroma Cape Canaveral, startovyi kompleks 5,
osushestvlen pusk rakety-nositelya "Jupiter-C", kotoraya dolzhna byla vyvesti na
okolozemnuyu orbitu sputnik "Beacon-1" (1958 1022F). Avariya rakety-nositelya na 149-i sekunde poleta. |
| 08.11.1958 |
V 07:30 UTC s kosmodroma Cape Canaveral, startovyi kompleks 17A,
osushestvlen pusk rakety-nositelya "Thor Able-1", kotoraya dolzhna byla vyvesti
na okolozemnuyu orbitu sputnik "Pioneer-2" (1958 1108F). Avariya tret'ei stupeni rakety-nositelya. |
| 17.11.1958 | S Vostochnogo ispytatel'nogo poligona (kosmodrom Cape Canaveral), startovaya poziciya LC11, osushestvlen ocherednoi ispytatel'nyi pusk mezhkontinental'noi ballisticheskoi rakety Atlas-B. Pusk zakonchilsya neudachei. |
| 28.11.1958 | S Vostochnogo ispytatel'nogo poligona (kosmodrom Cape Canaveral), startovaya poziciya LC14, osushestvlen ocherednoi ispytatel'nyi pusk mezhkontinental'noi ballisticheskoi rakety Atlas-B. Pusk proshel uspeshno. |
| 04.12.1958 |
S kosmodroma Baikonur, startovyi kompleks 1, osushestvlen pusk rakety-
nositelya "Vostok-L 8K72", kotoraya dolzhna byla vyvesti na traektoriyu poleta
k Lune avtomaticheskuyu mezhplanetnuyu stanciyu "Luna-1S" (1958 1204F). Predpolagalos' dostizhenie stanciei poverhnosti Luny. Avariya rakety-nositelya. |
| 06.12.1958 |
V 05:44 UTC s kosmodroma Cape Canaveral, startovyi kompleks 5,
osushestvlen pusk rakety-nositelya "Juno-2", kotoraya vyvela na okolozemnuyu
orbitu avtomaticheskuyu mezhplanetnuyu stanciyu "Pioneer-3" (00111 / 1958
Teta1). Predpolagalos' zapustit' stanciyu v storonu Luny. Raketa-nositel' soobshila stancii skorost' menee raschetnoi, rezul'tate chego stanciya udalilas' ot poverhnosti Zemli na rasstoyanie 102320 kilometrov, a zatem upala v Tihii okean. |
| 18.12.1958 |
V 23:02 UTC s kosmodroma Cape Canaveral, startovyi kompleks 11,
osushestvlen pusk rakety-nositelya "Atlas-B", kotoraya vyvela na okolozemnuyu
orbitu sputnik "Atlas-Score" (00010 / 1958 Zeta1). KA vyveden na orbitu s
parametrami: naklonenie orbity - 32,3 grad.; period obrasheniya - 101,47 min.;
minimal'noe rasstoyanie ot poverhnosti Zemli (v perigee) - 185 km; maksimal'noe
rasstoyanie ot poverhnosti Zemli (v apogee) - 1484 km. KA Atlas-SCORE (Signal Communications Orbit Relay Experiment) - eksperimental'nyi telekommunikacionnyi sputnik. |
| 23.12.1958 | S Vostochnogo ispytatel'nogo poligona (kosmodrom Cape Canaveral), startovaya poziciya LC12, osushestvlen pervyi ispytatel'nyi pusk mezhkontinental'noi ballisticheskoi rakety Atlas-C. Pusk proshel uspeshno. |
| 24.12.1958 | S kosmodroma Baikonur predprinyata popytka puska ballisticheskoi rakety "R-7". Pusk zakonchilsya neudachei iz-za avarii pervoi stupeni. |
Astrometriya
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Astronomicheskie instrumenty
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Astronomicheskoe obrazovanie
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Astrofizika
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Istoriya astronomii
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Kosmonavtika, issledovanie kosmosa
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Lyubitel'skaya astronomiya
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Planety i Solnechnaya sistema
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