Peremennye Zvezdy

Peremennye Zvezdy (Variable Stars) 45, No. 16, 2025

Received 27 November; accepted 4 December.

Article in PDF

DOI: 10.24412/2221-0474-2025-45-163-176

A Study of Algol-type Eclipsing Binaries Among Gaia DR3 Short-timescale Sources. I

A. V. Khruslov1,2

  1. Sternberg Astronomical Institute, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Universitetskij pr. 13, Moscow 119992, Russia; e-mail: khruslov@bk.ru

  2. Institute of Astronomy, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pyatnitskaya str. 48, Moscow 119017, Russia


This is the first part of the study of selected stars from the Gaia DR3 Short-timescale source list. For the analysis, I used data from the publicly available online photometric archives ZTF and ASAS-SN, as well as original Gaia DR3 data. The search target was Algol-type variables.

I present a study of 68 eclipsing Algol-type variable stars, of which 17 are eccentric binaries, 9 are RS CVn stars, and one is an eclipsing system with a  Scuti component. In addition, one system possibly contains a component of the BY Draconis type.

All observations were analyzed using the period-search software developed by Dr. V. P. Goranskij for Windows environment. Light elements and parameters of the light curves were obtained.


1. Introduction

The Gaia DR3 list of Short-timescale sources contains 471679 sources (Gaia Collaboration, 2022). The variables in this list are not classified by any physical parameters, only their variation frequencies are given. Most of these stars can be considered suspected variables due to insufficient number of observations and apparently too short periods of brightness variation.

I assumed that the list can contain undetected Algol-type variables. I compiled a selection of stars from the list using the web form of AAVSO VSX1data base. To estimate probability of detecting Algol-type stars depending on the star's brightness, I selected four magnitude intervals in three different constellations of the Milky Way strip that represent four samples for my search.

The parameters of the complete sample and individual sub-samples of the present study are collected in Table 1. This paper (part I) contains the results for the sub-samples I, III, and IV. The results for the sub-sample II will be published in the second series of this study. For this sub-sample, the data in Table 1 are preliminary only. The columns of Table 1 contain: the sub-sample number; variation range (Gaia magnitudes); constellation; number of Gaia DR3 objects studied; number of detected Algol-type variables. In addition, I present the number of detected eccentric binaries (EAe) and RS Canis Venaticorum variables (Algol-type stars with a distortion wave). In total, I studied 2566 stars (0.5% of the total number of stars in the Gaia DR3 list of Short-timescale sources), of which 138 showed Algol-type variability (5.4% of the sample). Of these, 30% are eccentric binaries and 7% are RS CVn stars. After the publication of part II of this study, these numbers will likely be revised.

To supplement the Gaia DR3 data (Gaia Collaboration, 2022a), I used the data from the Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF, Bellm et al. 2019; Masci et al. 2019). The ZTF data were taken from the SNAD ZTF viewer2, Malanchev et al. (2021). I used three photometric bands: , , and . Additionally, for the brightest variable stars, observations from the All-Sky Automated Survey for Supernovae (ASAS-SN3, Shappee et al. 2014; Kochanek et al. 2017) in two photometric bands, and , were used.


Table 1. Parameters of the study sample
No. Mag. Constell. EA EAe EA/RS

I

 13.0-13.5 Cep 307 10 3 0
II 14.0-15.3 Aur 696 70 27 1
III 15.8-16.4 Cas 1267 49 13 7
IV 18.0-18.9 Cep 296 9 1 2
             
Total     2566 138 44 10

In the course of the study, variables with small variation amplitudes, , 2566 stars in total, were excluded from the initial sample. The remaining variables were then studied using ZTF data, and stars with numerous fainter brightness estimates were visually selected from them.

The observations were analyzed using the Lafler-Kinman method (Lafler & Kinman 1965) implemented in the period-search software4 developed by Dr. V. P. Goranskij for Windows environment.

The tabulated coordinates of the variables were drawn from the Gaia DR3 catalogue (Gaia Collaboration et al. 2023). 

In this paper, I use the following designations for variability types:

EA - Algol-type variable;

EAe - eccentric binary Algol-type variable;

EA/RS - RS Canis Venaticorum variable;

EA+DS - Algol-type system with a Scuti component;

EA+BY - Algol-type system with a BY Draconis component.

To designate the photometric band, I use the following notation:

z, z, z - ZTF observations in the , , and bands respectively;

g - Gaia DR3 observations in the band;

a, a - ASAS-SN observations in the and bands respectively.

In addition, the following designations are used in Tables 2, 3, and 3a:

XX.XX - fainter than the specified magnitude XX.XX;

? - no estimate of the parameter could be obtained.

2. Results

Information on the studied stars is presented in Tables 2 and 3. Table 2 contains equatorial coordinates (J2000); variability type; light elements (period , in days), and epoch of MinI, (I) = HJD - 2459500); phase of MinII, (II); total duration of eclipse in MinI, (I), and in MinII, (II), expressed as the fraction of period. Remarks on individual stars are given after Table 2.

Table 3 contains the variability range and magnitude of MinII in the three ZTF bands (z, z, and z); and Table 3a contains the same parameters for Gaia DR3 data (g) and two bands of ASAS-SN (a and a), available for the brightest stars in the sample.

The cross-identification list contains star numbers from the Gaia DR3 (Gaia Collaboration 2022), GSC (Morrison et al. 2001), GSC2.3 or GSC2.4 (Lasker et al. 2008), 2MASS (Skrutskie et al. 2006), USNO-B1.0 (Monet et al. 2003) catalogs, and other identifications from the ATLAS catalog of candidate variable stars (Heinze et al. 2018) and ZTF suspected variables catalog (Chen et al. 2020).

Examples of light curves of the studied variable stars are displayed in Figs. 1-6. The light curves and photometric data from the ZTF, Gaia DR3, and ASAS-SN surveys are available online in the html version of this paper as a zip-archive.

3. Conclusion

This paper presents the study of 68 eclipsing Algol-type variable stars. The detected orbital periods range is from (star No. 39) to (star No. 51, see Fig. 1).

Of these, 17 are eccentric binaries (EAe type) and 2 are suspected to be eccentric (type EA given in Table 2, phase of MinII is listed as uncertain, marked by :). The detected phases of the secondary minimum, , are in the range from 0.337 to 0.7685. Examples of such stars are shown in Figs. 2 and 3. Eccentric Algol-type stars are often characterized by strong differences in the duration of their primary and secondary eclipses.

Among the studied Algols, nine are RS CVn stars with distortion wave superimposed on the eclipsing light curve. In some cases, the distortion wave period could be determined with certainty; if this is so, I provide the wave phased light curve (in addition to the eclipse phased curve). If the period could not be determined, which is often due to the variable amplitude of distortion wave, I also additionally provide the eclipse phased light curves for individual seasons to visualize the changes (see Fig. 5, star No. 52).

There is a single case of superposed eclipsing and wave light curves that is not an RS CVn-type star: the orbital and rotational periods are very different (star No. 57). I classified this system as an Algol-type star with a BY Draconis component. In addition, this variable shows an asymmetric eclipsing light curve and possible apsidal motion.

One of the studied stars is an eclipsing EA-type system with a Scuti component (star No. 45, see Fig. 4). The pulsating component is multiperiodic with small-amplitude oscillations and can be classified as a DSCTC star in the GCVS system (Samus et al. 2017).

In six cases (stars No. 46, 48, 55, 56, 58, and 59) of observations in the z band, the variables are so faint that it is not the star's light that is measured but the magnitude of the background sky (about 210).

Fig. 1. The phased light curves of the star No. 51, the Algol-type variable with the longest period in this paper.


Table 2. Positions, light elements, and eclipse parameters
No. RA, J2000 Dec, J2000 Type , days (I) (II) (I) (II)

1

00 00 40.42 +52 20 56.1 EA/RS 1.64734 1.308 0.500 0.05 0.06
2 00 06 08.14 +63 31 54.8 EA 3.871643 1.967 0.500 0.052 0.052
3 00 13 00.02 +57 35 20.6 EA 8.31343 4.110 0.500 0.017 0.017:
4 00 15 14.35 +61 30 58.5 EA 1.91565 0.925 0.50: 0.090 ?
5 00 16 56.33 +60 53 42.0 EAe 13.7616 10.255 0.5630 0.019 0.011
6 00 23 11.18 +60 20 53.2 EA 1.1981725 0.4904 0.501 0.046 0.046
7 00 24 14.72 +49 06 33.1 EA 3.780140 2.409 0.500 0.038 0.038
8 00 25 59.60 +62 01 29.8 EAe 44.8537 12.947 0.5905 0.0055 0.0048
9 00 26 30.28 +54 50 09.9 EA 7.15028 5.444 0.500 0.020 0.020
10 00 39 30.34 +59 53 17.8 EAe 3.73798 2.699 0.521 0.040 0.040
11 00 48 18.33 +70 24 39.4 EA 1.83779 1.724 0.500 0.060 0.060
12 00 49 21.64 +73 22 34.8 EA 3.28750 0.004 0.500 0.050 0.050
13 01 02 58.14 +49 43 30.5 EA 2.214093 0.086 0.500 0.060 0.06:
14 01 06 20.00 +50 29 28.1 EA 9.54164 3.293 0.500 0.018 0.020
15 01 06 43.93 +68 57 04.2 EA/RS 1.078544 0.239 0.500 0.062 0.062
16 01 09 19.40 +51 58 25.4 EA/RS: 1.316810 0.024 0.50 0.070 -
17 01 09 21.71 +61 13 38.1 EA 4.631095 0.573 0.500 0.038 0.038
18 01 09 55.73 +60 20 31.6 EAe 9.65799 5.855 0.640 0.016 0.028
19 01 11 14.22 +58 40 36.0 EA 3.870110 2.086 0.500 0.028 0.028
20 01 12 48.91 +59 12 23.9 EA 2.565031 1.805 0.500 0.036 0.036:
21 01 14 29.91 +62 39 43.3 EAe 10.76774 9.315 0.341 0.022 0.026
22 01 15 24.83 +75 56 12.2 EA/RS 1.89842 1.190 0.500 0.044 0.044
23 01 16 16.41 +71 24 09.9 EA 1.040516 0.885 0.500 0.080 0.080
24 01 26 37.08 +61 16 26.6 EAe 50.1327 24.61 0.3370 0.013 0.030
25 01 34 17.10 +70 44 52.9 EAe 4.01872 1.738 0.496 0.044 0.043
26 01 38 22.34 +55 18 24.6 EA 4.36225 3.745 0.500 0.046 0.046:
27 01 50 06.95 +57 08 26.1 EA 1.83849 0.745 0.500 0.050 0.05
28 01 50 23.95 +60 45 33.8 EAe 10.9567 3.094 0.487 0.022 0.020
29 01 50 56.94 +62 30 26.0 EA 3.20421 2.005 0.500 0.032 0.032
30 01 58 14.24 +71 22 29.7 EA 4.19981 3.232 0.500 0.056 0.056
31 01 59 23.58 +62 30 26.1 EA 6.75140 3.728 - 0.020 -
32 02 00 27.02 +63 29 15.5 EA/RS 3.44447 2.949 0.500 0.034 0.034
33 02 00 36.89 +70 01 03.7 EA 3.624169 1.247 0.501: 0.050 0.052
34 02 05 46.27 +63 51 33.3 EAe 7.82606 3.509 0.342 0.018 0.037
35 02 30 18.49 +59 13 55.4 EAe 18.10155 3.648 0.414 0.011 0.024
36 02 39 20.54 +60 57 24.4 EA 1.983125 0.894 0.500 0.050 0.050
37 02 40 54.21 +71 56 56.4 EA/RS 1.475475 0.656 0.500 0.044 0.040
38 02 46 52.53 +65 51 51.0 EAe 28.4353 5.378 0.7685 0.016 0.017
39 02 59 10.25 +75 45 33.6 EA/RS 0.5974155 0.343 - 0.12 -
40 03 02 17.19 +63 41 12.9 EAe 12.7521 10.600 0.4563 0.014 0.014:
41 03 03 14.25 +62 46 43.7 EA 13.6125 1.668 0.50 0.019 0.04:
42 03 21 04.69 +81 17 49.1 EA 7.77874 0.014 0.500 0.028 0.028
43 20 43 58.44 +68 06 17.7 EAe 7.35065 7.220 0.564 0.022 0.040
44 20 49 01.10 +58 18 45.9 EA 13.17315 9.659 0.500 0.024 0.024
45 20 52 47.61 +64 39 47.2 EA+DS 5.718695 2.575 0.500 0.050 0.056
46 20 55 14.34 +60 49 04.3 EA 1.382483 0.827 0.500 0.090 0.090
47 21 01 04.81 +56 42 47.2 EA 11.5151 4.542 0.500 0.020 0.020
48 21 04 33.43 +73 17 42.5 EA/RS 0.8796750 0.732 0.500 0.064 0.064
49 21 09 42.87 +57 31 41.1 EAe 13.91190 7.555 0.664 0.016 0.034
50 21 13 51.32 +58 51 34.2 EA 0.942108 0.585 0.500 0.054 0.054
51 21 17 26.50 +55 37 13.1 EA 210.60 203.25 0.500 0.056 0.056
52 21 21 23.17 +59 36 35.6 EA/RS 2.68503 2.540 - 0.024 -
53 21 45 07.66 +55 29 35.8 EA 0.8633715 0.672 0.500 0.070 0.070
54 21 45 52.20 +58 32 16.0 EA 6.12066 0.583 0.500 0.018 0.018
55 21 49 21.72 +70 47 27.1 EA 2.691480 0.910 0.500 0.028 0.028
56 22 02 02.71 +57 07 01.6 EAe 3.34988 0.749 0.481 0.030 0.025
57 22 27 49.83 +57 40 49.8 EAe+BY: 1.92121 1.271 0.55: 0.10 0.10
58 22 47 16.06 +67 26 05.4 EA 1.669513 0.550 0.500 0.050 0.050
59 22 48 29.48 +59 13 27.3 EA 1.440087 0.366 0.500 0.040 0.040
60 23 13 53.38 +54 52 24.1 EA 1.91687 0.337 0.5: 0.056 -
61 23 19 29.85 +56 31 10.7 EA 3.71307 2.037 0.500 0.040 0.040
62 23 20 00.36 +61 05 21.2 EA 4.86603 3.520 0.500 0.052 0.052
63 23 29 21.19 +55 42 06.4 EA 1.414518 0.979 0.525: 0.070 ?
64 23 41 19.54 +53 13 13.9 EA 3.315390 0.904 0.500 0.054 0.054
65 23 47 28.89 +64 50 05.8 EA 2.369705 2.095 0.498: 0.040 0.040
66 23 50 43.97 +56 20 09.1 EA 4.097985 1.400 0.500 0.036 0.036
67 23 55 24.88 +62 47 53.7 EAe 10.55831 0.827 0.5325 0.030 0.011
68 23 58 10.06 +86 29 03.3 EA 6.58423 6.023 0.50: 0.034 ?

Remarks for individual stars:

 

1. The mean magnitude possibly varies. Distortion wave with the following light elements:

HJD max = 2459501.13 + .

mag is 0.06 (z), 0.05 (z), 0.035 (z), 0.03 (g).

According to Gaia DR3 observation, there is a noticeable shift of minima in the phased light curve: for MinI, O-C = ; for MinII, O-C = . Period possibly varies.

4. Mean magnitude possibly varies.

5. Total eclipse in MinI is possible, .

7. Total eclipse in MinI is possible, .

9. Total eclipse in MinI is possible, .

11. A close pair, not resolved in ZTF data. The second component is Gaia DR3 535996941991439744 at the angular distance of . The ZTF data are for the combined magnitude; the amplitude is likely underestimated.

12. Long-term light variation in maximum, according to ZTF and Gaia DR3 data; mag = .

15. The star was included in the ZTF suspected variables catalog (Chen et al. 2020), with no type indicated. The mean magnitude possibly varies. Distortion wave with variable amplitude. Table 3 gives extreme values for brightness maxima and minima.

Additionally, among the light curves in the zip archive, we reproduce z-band light curves for seven time intervals:

I, JD 2458244-2458540;

II, JD 2458643-2458911;

III, JD 2458992-2459276;

IV, JD 2459386-2459640;

V, JD 2459764-2459994;

VI, JD 2460124-2460358;

VII, JD 2460488-2460609.

16. Distortion wave with variable amplitude is possible. In accordance with this, magnitude in MinII varies; parameters of MinII are not presented in Table 3.

Additionally, among the light curves in the zip archive, we reproduce z-band light curves for seven time intervals:

I, JD 2458268-2458539;

II, JD 2458627-2458913;

III, JD 2458987-2459269;

IV, JD 2459349-2459537;

V, JD 2459622-2459994;

VI, JD 2460079-2460358;

VII, JD 2460441-2460608.

22. Distortion wave amplitude possibly varies. Distortion wave with the following light elements:

HJD max = 2459501.13 + 18832;

mag is 0.03 (z) and 0.05 (z).

24. Long-term light variation in maximum, mag is 0.06 (z), 0.04 (z), 0.03 (g). Cycle 2000 days is possible.

26. Total eclipse in MinI, duration (I) = 0013.

27. Mean magnitude possibly varies.

29. Mean magnitude possibly varies.

31. Twice longer period is not excluded.

32. Distortion wave with the elements:

HJD max = 2459501.300 + ;

mag is 0.05 (z), 0.04 (z), and 0.035 (z).

33. Total eclipse in MinI, duration (I) = 0.010.

36. Long-term trend of the mean brightness in the ZTF data. Additionally, distortion wave with and type EA/RS are possible. Table 3 gives extreme values for brightness maxima and minima.

37. Full amplitude of the distortion wave is 0.04 (z), 0.03: (z), 0.07 (g).

A star with large proper motion.

39. Distorsion wave with the light elements:

HJD max = 2459500.490 + ;

Mean values of full amplitudes are 0.11 (z) and 0.12 (z).

In the Gaia DR3 variable stars catalog (Short-timescale sources), the period is close to that of distortion wave, .

Mean magnitude varies. Table 3 gives extreme values for brightness maxima and minima.

Parameters of MinII were not studied due to the presence of a strong distortion wave.

Additionally, among the light curves in the zip archive, we reproduce z-band light curves for eight time intervals:

I: JD 2458276-2458558;

II: JD 2458652-2458911;

IIIa: JD 2459039-2459157;

IIIb: JD 2459164-2459276;

IV: JD 2459412-2459640;

V: JD 2459779-2460013;

VI: JD 2460152-2460357;

VII: JD 2460513-2460608.

42. Total eclipse in MinI is possible, (I) = 0008:.

44. Long-term trend in the maximum: becoming brighter during ASAS-SN -band time interval, mag = 0.02 (), and fainter during ZTF and ASAS-SN -band time intervals, mag = 0.03 (z), 0.02 (z), 0.02 ().

45. One component of the eclipsing binary is a multi-periodic  Scuti star. Light elements of primary oscillation of the pulsating component:

HJD max = 2459500.0241 + ;

Semi-amplitudes: 0.023 (z), 0.012 (z), 0.018 (g); 0.023 (a), 0.018 (a).

Two additional non-radial oscillations with periods and .

Parameters of eclipsing light curve (with pulsation variations excluded):

Depth of MinI: 0.17 (z), 0.155 (z), 0.11 (g); 0.16 (a), 0.15 (a);

Depth of MinII: 0.075 (z), 0.075 (z), 0.07 (g); 0.07 (a), 0.07: (a).

Total eclipse in MinI is possible, its duration being (I) = 0016.

48. Distortion wave with the light elements (z band):

HJD  ; mag is 0.08 (z), 0.05 (g).

In addition, long-term magnitude trend, mag is 0.05 (z).

51. Magnitude in MinI varies within (z) and (z).

52. Distortion wave with variable amplitude. The largest amplitude of the wave is mag = 0.2 . Additionally, among the light curves in Fig. 5 and in the zip archive, we reproduce z-band light curves for seven time intervals:

I: JD 2458217-2458490;

II: JD 2458582-2458873;

III: JD 2458945-2459226;

IV: JD 2459295-2459550;

V: JD 2459671-2459951;

VI: JD 2460032-2460290;

VII: JD 2460387-2460609.

53. Possible distortion wave with and type EA/RS, mag is 0.04 (z), 0.035 (z); not detected in z and g data.

54. The Gaia DR3 data contain measurements with large deviations from the mean magnitude, the total range being (g); I removed five observations with the largest deviation, selecting only the estimates confirmed by data from other surveys.

55. A possible distortion wave with mag = 0.04 (z), 0.04 (g).

56. Two identifications in the GSC2.4 catalogs with identical coordinates.

57. The elements are presented for the time interval of the and ZTF bands. Apsidal motion. The Table presents the mean phase of MinII; there are deviations for individual time intervals.

In addition to eclipses, we detected a quasi-sinusoidal second component of light variations; BY Draconis type is possible. In individual photometric bands, the period of this component, , is (z), 28564 (z), (a), (a); mag is 0.045 (z), 0.05 (z), 0.04 (a), 0.05 (a).

60. Type EA/RS is possible. Distortion wave with (uncertain) light elements:

HJD max = 2459501.51 + ;

mag is 0.05 (z); 0.04 (z); 0.03 (z); 0.05 (g).

62. Mean magnitude varies, mag being 0.06 (g), 0.05 (z), 0.03 (z). Type EA/RS is possible. Distortion wave with a variable amplitude and period (z band) or (z band).

63. Possible eccentric binary. The phase of MinII in Table 2 is uncertain.

65. Magnitude in maximum varies (long-term trend).

67. Mean magnitude possibly varies.

68. Mean magnitude varies.


Table 3. Photometric parameters of light curves (ZTF)

No. Magnitude range Min. II
z z z z z z

1

17.06 - 17.57 16.08 - 16.56 15.60 - 15.70 17.15: 16.20 15.70
2 16.69 - 17.17 15.96 - 16.41 15.66 - 16.01 16.96 16.24 15.94
3 17.20 - 17.69 16.16 - 16.61 15.74 - 15.91 17.28 16.31 15.91
4 17.10 - 17.34 16.09 - 16.30 15.65 - 15.89 17.16: 16.15 15.73
5 16.76 - 17.00 15.99 - 16.23 15.68 - 15.91 16.80: 16.07 15.74
6 - 16.55 - 17.23 15.34 - 15.79 - 16.78 15.59
7 16.87 - 17.76 16.30 - 17.09 16.09 - 16.85 17.08 16.59 16.43
8 16.95 - 17.41 16.10 - 16.44 15.75 - 15.91 17.05 16.24 15.91
9 16.98 - 17.13 16.22 - 16.39 15.92 - 16.07 17.10 16.37 16.04
10 17.40 - 17.65 16.38 - 16.61 15.92 - 16.04 17.59 16.55 16.09
11 17.35 - 17.54 16.20 - 16.36 15.71 - 15.78 17.54 16.36 -
12 17.30 - 17.70 16.36 - 16.74 - 17.51 16.61 -
13 16.41 - 16.76 15.98 - 16.31 15.80 - 16.14 16.42 16.00 15.83
14 16.82 - 17.21 16.22 - 16.60 15.99 - 16.27 16.91 16.36 -
15 17.76 - 18.30 16.28 - 16.70 15.56 - 15.81 18.16 16.57 15.80
16 16.79 - 17.12 15.85 - 16.20 15.48 - 15.71 - - -
17 16.71 - 16.94 15.94 - 16.14 15.63 - 15.86 16.89 16.12 15.75
18 17.68 - 18.65 16.39 - 17.24 15.83 - 16.61 18.01 16.84 15.98
19 16.93 - 17.14 16.24 - 16.45 15.93 - 16.12 17.10 16.43 16.03
20 18.14 - 18.84 16.45 - 17.14 15.38 - 15.98 18.43 16.77 -
21 17.41 - 17.70 16.18 - 16.44 15.57 - ? 17.63 16.41 -
22 16.50 - 17.70 16.32 - 16.50 15.77 - ? 16.65 16.47 -
23 16.78 - 17.00 15.86 - 16.08 15.45 - 15.70 16.91 16.00 -
24 17.88 - 18.59 16.21 - 16.72 15.38 - 15.77 18.03 16.49 15.53
25 17.04 - 17.27 16.16 - 16.39 - 17.24 16.37 -
26 16.63 - 17.01 16.07 - 16.42 15.86 - 16.20 16.71 16.18 15.95
27 17.15 - 17.37 16.24 - 16.46 - 17.35 16.42 -
28 17.05 - 17.40 16.03 - 16.34 15.58 - 15.63 17.11: 16.12 15.63
29 16.99 - 17.41 15.83 - 16.21 15.32 - 15.66 17.05 15.96 15.47
30 16.97 - 17.33 15.95 - 16.27 - 17.15 16.15 -
31 17.19 - 17.50 15.99 - 16.24 15.41 - 15.63 - - -
32 17.07 - 17.33 15.98 - 16.20 15.50 - 15.69 17.27 16.18 -
33 17.20 - 17.60 16.14 - 16.52 - 17.37 16.35 -
34 17.14 - 17.44 16.06 - 16.38 15.55 - 15.78 17.43 16.32 -
35 17.30 - 17.75 16.05 - 16.58 - 17.57 16.29 -
36 17.43 - 17.95 16.29 - 16.74 15.87 - 16.21 - 16.47 15.91
37 18.48 - 19.08 16.97 - 17.62 - 19.08 17.49 -
38 17.67 - 18.23 16.07 - 16.67 15.22 - 15.47 18.17 16.65 -
39 17.16 - 18.00 15.94 - 16.62 - - - -
40 17.54 - 18.19 16.04 - 16.63 15.41 - 15.73 17.76 16.43 -
41 17.27 - 17.52 16.36 - 16.63 15.96 - 16.22 - 16.39 15.99
42 13.74 - 14.09 13.19 - 13.45 12.95 - 13.25 - 13.26 13.05
43 14.17 - 14.67 13.28 - 13.74 - - 13.30 -
44 14.28 - 14.56 13.36 - 13.60 12.92 - ? 14.46 13.55 -
45 13.87 - 14.11 13.38 - 13.59 - 14.02 13.50 -
46 21.1 - 21.7: 19.16 - 19.58 - - 19.55 -
47 14.05 - 14.15 13.30 - 13.395 12.94 - 13.03 14.14 13.39 13.03
48 20.9: - 21.2: 18.70 - 19.08 - ? 19.03 -
49 14.21 - 14.56 13.43 - 13.73 13.06 - ? 14.32 13.54 -
50 20.35 - 20.8 18.58 - 19.00 - 20.55: 18.86 -
51 15.48 - 15.79 13.46 - 13.68 - 15.59 13.55 -
52 19.9 - 20.6 18.30 - 18.90 17.35 - 17.68 - - -
53 19.95 - 20.6 18.25 - 18.85 17.25 - 17.67 - 18.33 17.37
54 13.62 - 13.70 13.01 - 13.09 12.73 - 12.77 13.70 13.08 -
55 21.2 - ? 19.34 - 20.10 - - 19.90 -
56 21.0: - ? 19.24 - 20.0 17.69 - ? - 19.72 -
57 14.37 - 14.52 13.48 - 13.61 - 14.50 13.59 -
58 20.7: - ? 18.77 - 19.15 - - 19.08 -
59 21.05 - ? 19.25 - 19.95 17.53 - 17.93 - 19.90: 17.71
60 16.69 - 17.12 15.99 - 16.44 15.69 - 15.97 16.73: 16.06: 15.76:
61 17.01 - 17.19 16.16 - 16.32 15.79 - 15.95 17.17 16.31 15.95
62 17.73 - 17.98 16.30 - 16.54 15.66 - 15.87 17.95 16.52 15.87
63 16.63 - 16.70 16.01 - 16.09 15.79 - 15.88 16.64: 16.02: 15.80:
64 16.37 - 16.74 15.76 - 16.12 - 16.69 16.09 -
65 17.70 - 18.01 16.35 - 16.63 15.64 - ? 18.00 16.62 -
66 18.38 - 18.75 16.86 - 17.23 - 18.68: 17.16 -
67 17.02 - 17.64 15.92 - 16.54 15.43 - 15.81 17.56 16.43 -
68 14.07 - 14.21 13.40 - 13.53 - 14.10: - -


Table 3a. Photometric parameters of light curves (Gaia DR3, ASAS-SN)

No. Magnitude range Min. II
g a a g a a

1

16.13 - 16.45 - - 16.22 - -
2 16.01 - 16.43 - - - - -
3 16.23 - 16.56 - - - - -
4 16.13 - 16.34 - - - - -
5 16.04 - 16.19 - - - - -
6 16.25 - 16.58 - - 16.51 - -
7 16.36 - 17.11 - - 16.62 - -
8 16.15 - ? - - - - -
9 16.28 - 16.40 - - - - -
10 16.41 - 16.48 - - 16.58 - -
11 16.34 - 16.49 - - 16.49 - -
12 16.41 - 15.81 - - - - -
13 16.01 - 16.33 - - 16.03: - -
14 16.27 - 16.43 - - - - -
15 16.31 - 16.58 - - 16.49 - -
16 15.92 - 16.26 - - - - -
17 16.01 - 16.19 - - 16.19 - -
18 16.42 - 17.15 - - 16.69 - -
19 16.27 - 16.46 - - 16.46 - -
20 16.28 - 16.80 - - 16.54 - -
21 16.18 - 16.32 - - - - -
22 16.40 - 16.55 - - 16.55 - -
23 15.96 - 16.19 - - 16.13 - -
24 16.12 - 16.36 - - 16.36 - -
25 16.22 - 16.43 - - - - -
26 16.11 - 16.45 - - 16.21 - -
27 16.30 - 16.48 - - 16.45 - -
28 16.07 - 16.36 - - 16.12 - -
29 15.90 - 16.23 - - 15.97 - -
30 15.98 - 16.28 - - 16.17 - -
31 16.00 - 16.25 - - - - -
32 16.05 - 16.25 - - 16.25 - -
33 16.17 - 16.53 - - 16.39 - -
34 16.09 - 16.34 - - 16.33 - -
35 16.05 - 16.55 - - 16.29 - -
36 16.31 - 16.60 - - 16.40 - -
37 16.35 - 16.69 - - 16.69 - -
38 15.96 - 16.05 - - - - -
39 15.97 - 16.28 - - - - -
40 16.08 - 16.58 - - 16.50 - -
41 16.41 - 16.54 - - 16.45 - -
42 13.21 - 13.53 13.72 - 14.07 13.35 - 13.68 13.27 13.75 -
43 13.35 - 13.41 14.14 - 14.69: 13.73 - 14.21 - - -
44 13.39 - 13.61 14.02 - 14.25 13.59 - 13.79 - 14.18 13.73
45 13.40 - 13.53 13.88 - 14.15 13.58 - 13.79: 13.50 14.08 13.72
46 18.10 - 18.54: - - 18.44 - -
47 13.35 - 13.43 14.09 - 14.18 13.67 - 13.75 13.43 14.17 13.76:
48 18.15 - 18.53 - - 18.27 - -
49 13.47 - 13.58 14.18 - 14.48 13.73 - 13.86 - 14.30 13.86
50 18.32 - 18.59 - - 18.59 - -
51 13.31 - 13.48 14.48 - 14.73 15.48 - 15.78 - 14.57 15.56
52 18.16 - 18.59 - - ? - -
53 18.09 - 18.54 - - 18.25 - -
54 13.02 - 13.09 13.61 - 13.71 13.21 - 13.29 13.04 13.69 -
55 18.43 - 18.92 - - 18.92 - -
56 18.68 - 19.10 - - - - -
57 13.47 - 13.60 14.44 - 14.62 13.98 - 14.15 13.58: 14.60 14.15:
58 18.32 - 18.68 - - 18.63 - -
59 18.54 - 19.26 - - 18.88 - -
60 16.07 - 16.32 - - 16.16: - -
61 16.21 - 16.35 - - 16.36 - -
62 16.33 - 16.52 - - 16.52 - -
63 16.07 - 16.13 - - - - -
64 15.82 - 16.16 - - 16.08 - -
65 16.32 - 16.56 - - 16.56 - -
66 16.34 - 16.65 - - 16.65 - -
67 15.96 - 16.48 - - 16.48 - -
68 13.47 - 13.59 - - - - -

Fig. 2. The phased light curves for the long-period eccentric Algol-type stars No. 24 and No. 38.

Fig. 3. The phased light curves of stars No. 34 and No. 67, eccentric Algol-type variables with strong differences in the duration of the primary and secondary eclipses.

Cross-identifications of variables

 

1. Gaia DR3 395740696138700672 = GSC2.4 NAHY002166 = 2MASS 00004042+5220560 = USNO-B1.0 1423-0000417

2. Gaia DR3 431561204429603456 = GSC2.4 NAKN105238 = 2MASS 00060813+6331549

3. Gaia DR3 422420036549161472 = GSC2.4 NAKX000999 = 2MASS 00130001+5735206 = USNO-B1.0 1475-0009163

4. Gaia DR3 429691141304913664 = GSC2.4 NAM1011763 = 2MASS 00151435+6130585 = USNO-B1.0 1515-0008417

5. Gaia DR3 429546864763732224 = GSC2.4 NAL6007680 = 2MASS 00165632+6053419 = USNO-B1.0 1508-0010255

6. Gaia DR3 428720341255648256 = GSC2.3 NAL8016851 = 2MASS 00231118+6020532

7. Gaia DR3 394129258764884096 = GSC2.4 NAH1007604 = 2MASS 00241471+4906329 
= ATO J006.0612+49.1091

8. Gaia DR3 430437400464831488 = GSC2.4 NAM5039657 = 2MASS 00255960+6201299

9. Gaia DR3 421159137230656896 = GSC2.4 NAI1052130 = 2MASS 00263028+5450098

10. Gaia DR3 425557969712734080 = GSC2.4 NAL0009995 = 2MASS 00393032+5953178

11. Gaia DR3 535996941996420608 = GSC2.3 NAYX034967 = 2MASS 00481830+7024392 = USNO-B1.0 1604-0013222

12. Gaia DR3 538284132338310016 = GSC2.4 NAD8007936 = 2MASS 00492164+7322348

13. Gaia DR3 402732353135877504 = GSC2.4 NBVY025919 = 2MASS 01025812+4943304 = USNO-B1.0 1397-0027383

14. Gaia DR3 404247926835842688 = GSC2.4 NBVL019926 = 2MASS 01061999+5029280 = USNO-B1.0 1404-0029209 = ATO J016.5833+50.4911

15. Gaia DR3 532664081736165632 = GSC2.4 NB05000781 = 2MASS 01064390+6857041 = USNO-B1.0 1589-0020187 = ZTF J010643.95+685704.3

16. Gaia DR3 404809669901477632 = GSC2.4 NAHF019625 = 2MASS 01091940+5158253 = USNO-B1.0 1419-0035057 = ATO J017.3308+51.9737

17. Gaia DR3 522476350595197056 = GSC2.4 NAME029620 = 2MASS 01092171+6113381 = USNO-B1.0 1512-0041150

18. Gaia DR3 426336939345584256 = GSC2.4 NAMF018614 = 2MASS 01095573+6020316 = USNO-B1.0 1503-0044672

19. Gaia DR3 414124633637061248 = GSC2.4 NANP036555 = 2MASS 01111422+5840359 = USNO-B1.0 1486-0038215

20. Gaia DR3 414165349927800832 = GSC2.4 NAMK002243 = 2MASS 01124891+5912239 = USNO-B1.0 1492-0038428

21. Gaia DR3 523035177375527936 = GSC2.4 NALP018772 = 2MASS 01142990+6239432 = USNO-B1.0 1526-0049769

22. Gaia DR3 559992030922350208 = GSC2.3 NACZ015590 = 2MASS 01152483+7556122 = USNO-B1.0 1659-0012192

23. Gaia DR3 534877364281075328 = GSC2.4 NB04030746 = 2MASS 01161640+7124098 = USNO-B1.0 1614-0021425

24. Gaia DR3 510682026802564864 = GSC2.4 NAM9002641 = 2MASS 01263707+6116265 = USNO-B1.0 1512-0050292

25. Gaia DR3 533999850922952576 = GSC2.4 NB06036738 = 2MASS 01341707+7044530 = USNO-B1.0 1607-0026606

26. Gaia DR3 409552000992490112 = GSC2.4 NAJX033114 = 2MASS 01382233+5518246 = USNO-B1.0 1453-0052757 = ATO J024.5931+55.3068

27. Gaia DR3 505695020012029440 = GSC2.4 NAK3035913 = 2MASS 01500695+5708260

28. Gaia DR3 508187475438430336 = GSC2.4 NAJ5029884 = 2MASS 01502394+6045337 = USNO-B1.0 1507-0069797

29. Gaia DR3 511794835646240000 = GSC2.4 NAJ4021975 = 2MASS 01505695+6230261 = USNO-B1.0 1525-0069661

30. Gaia DR3 522257891369471744 = GSC2.4 NAZW030659 = 2MASS 01581423+7122296 = USNO-B1.0 1613-0031869

31. Gaia DR3 508841547415563008 = GSC2.4 NAW0005075 = 2MASS 01592357+6230261 = USNO-B1.0 1525-0074059

32. Gaia DR3 514912054191714304 = GSC2.4 NB0W022707 = 2MASS 02002701+6329154

33. Gaia DR3 521571074558247424 = GSC2.4 NAZU016458 = 2MASS 02003687+7001038 = USNO-B1.0 1600-0033011

34. Gaia DR3 514935899851401216 = GSC2.4 NB0Z008289 = 2MASS 02054626+6351332 = USNO-B1.0 1538-0070748

35. Gaia DR3 459063735445966208 = GSC2.4 NAWK002401 = 2MASS 02301848+5913553 = USNO-B1.0 1492-0082551

36. Gaia DR3 465631938731431808 = GSC2.4 NAWM020940 = 2MASS 02392054+6057244 = USNO-B1.0 1509-0087016

37. Gaia DR3 545791013615538560 = GSC2.4 NAZM012085 = 2MASS 02405418+7156565 = USNO-B1.0 1619-0038080

38. Gaia DR3 516324548670244992 = GSC2.4 NB1U014855 = 2MASS 02465254+6551509 = USNO-B1.0 1558-0061275

39. Gaia DR3 548897889878167168 = GSC2.4 NAFH000645 = 2MASS 02591024+7545335 = USNO-B1.0 1657-0030462

40. Gaia DR3 467070688354098176 = GSC2.4 NAWG045174 = 2MASS 03021719+6341128 = USNO-B1.0 1536-0104312

41. Gaia DR3 466596725826826240 = GSC2.4 NAWJ046336 = 2MASS 03031424+6246436 = USNO-B1.0 1527-0121950

42. Gaia DR3 568355053800899328 = GSC 04521-00051 = GSC2.4 NAFO000486 = 2MASS 03210470+8117491 = USNO-B1.0 1712-0016063

43. Gaia DR3 2246941213538775296 = GSC 04447-00950 = GSC2.3 N1KR000224 = 2MASS 20435844+6806177 = USNO-B1.0 1581-0235128

44. Gaia DR3 2190398896804334976 = GSC 03963-00941 = GSC2.4 N1E3000391 = 2MASS 20490110+5818459 = USNO-B1.0 1483-0322987

45. Gaia DR3 2197499302374843264 = GSC 04255-01940 = GSC2.4 N1JO000758 = 2MASS 20524760+6439473 = USNO-B1.0 1546-0235352

46. Gaia DR3 2194082806213351040 = GSC2.4 N1FJ011918 = 2MASS 20551433+6049044 = USNO-B1.0 1508-0280446

47. Gaia DR3 2189231451672619264 = GSC 03960-01336 = 2MASS 21010481+5642471

48. Gaia DR3 2276634517181628032 = GSC2.4 N1G0005540 = 2MASS 21043342+7317425 = USNO-B1.0 1632-0126766

49. Gaia DR3 2189554368800376704 = GSC 03961-00685 = GSC2.4 N1E6000394 = 2MASS 21094286+5731411 = USNO-B1.0 1475-0411844 = ATO J317.4285+57.5280

50. Gaia DR3 2191337222601508992 = GSC2.4 N1DZ045321 = 2MASS 21135130+5851340 = USNO-B1.0 1488-0308246

51. Gaia DR3 2177140332769310464 = GSC 03957-01617 = GSC2.4 N1AB000187 = 2MASS 21172650+5537132 = USNO-B1.0 1456-0351572 = ATO J319.3603+55.6203

52. Gaia DR3 2191469649332240768 = GSC2.3 N1FC078233 = 2MASS 21212316+5936355 = USNO-B1.0 1496-0306240

53. Gaia DR3 2174804141131386624 = GSC2.4 N1AD004207 = 2MASS 21450765+5529358 = USNO-B1.0 1454-0371764

54. Gaia DR3 2202562793951036800 = GSC 03979-01606 = GSC2.4 N1BR000375 = 2MASS 21455219+5832159 = USNO-B1.0 1485-0325224

55. Gaia DR3 2224550690030443904 = GSC2.4 N1G5023217 = 2MASS 21492172+7047272 = USNO-B1.0 1607-0145836

56. Gaia DR3 2199039512020382848 = GSC2.4 N1BZ044209 = GSC2.4 N1BZ000993
= 2MASS 22020271+5707016

57. Gaia DR3 2007876221392879488 = GSC2.4 N1C4055938 = 2MASS 22274985+5740500 = USNO-B1.0 1476-0488913 = ATO J336.9576+57.6804

58. Gaia DR3 2212930119139965568 = GSC2.4 N1H3013221 = 2MASS 22471606+6726053 = USNO-B1.0 1574-0283172

59. Gaia DR3 2008296367961642368 = GSC2.3 N1CA002454 = 2MASS 22482947+5913273 = USNO-B1.0 1492-0358407

60. Gaia DR3 1996495966800568064 = GSC2.4 N1DC004143 = 2MASS 23135337+5452240 = USNO-B1.0 1448-0441089 = ATO J348.4724+54.8733

61. Gaia DR3 1997203983567950208 = GSC2.4 N1D6014546 = 2MASS 23192985+5631107 = USNO-B1.0 1465-0449359

62. Gaia DR3 2014137184190110848 = GSC2.4 N19V012604 = 2MASS 23200037+6105212 = USNO-B1.0 1510-0352400

63. Gaia DR3 1997704398797811072 = GSC2.4 N1D5009356 = 2MASS 23292118+5542063

64. Gaia DR3 1993277593182564992 = GSC2.4 N17G018291 = 2MASS 23411952+5313139 = USNO-B1.0 1432-0545591

65. Gaia DR3 2017375589528137088 = GSC2.4 N18T021810 = 2MASS 23472889+6450056 = USNO-B1.0 1548-0300342

66. Gaia DR3 1994945758484582400 = GSC2.4 N1CW019095 = 2MASS 23504396+5620091 = USNO-B1.0 1463-0479516

67. Gaia DR3 2013075262125773312 = GSC2.4 N18O032291 = 2MASS 23552486+6247536 = USNO-B1.0 1527-0463795

68. Gaia DR3 2301251109355701632 = GSC 04658-00156 = GSC2.4 N0SP000255 = 2MASS 23581000+8629030 = USNO-B1.0 1764-0041421

Fig. 4. The phased light curves of star No. 45, z band. Type EA+DSCTC.

Fig. 5. The phased light curves of star No. 52. Type EA/RS, distortion wave with variable amplitude.

Fig. 6. The phased light curves of star No. 55, type EA. The star is at the limiting magnitude of the z band.


Acknowledgments: The author wishes to thank Dr. V. P. Goranskij for providing his software. The study was conducted under the state assignment of Lomonosov Moscow State University.

References:

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